Returning to overuse activity following a supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear leads to joint damage in a rat model

Abstract Large rotator cuff tears (supraspinatus and infraspinatus) are common in patients who perform overhead activities (laborers, athletes). In addition, following large cuff tears, these patients commonly attempt to return to pre-injury activity levels. However, there is a limited understanding...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of biomechanics Vol. 46; no. 11; pp. 1818 - 1824
Main Authors:	Reuther, Katherine E, Thomas, Stephen J, Evans, Elisabeth F, Tucker, Jennica J, Sarver, Joseph J, Ilkhani-Pour, Sarah, Gray, Chancellor F, Voleti, Pramod B, Glaser, David L, Soslowsky, Louis J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Elsevier Ltd 26-07-2013 Elsevier Limited
Subjects:	Animal model Animals Biological Biomechanical Phenomena Cartilage Cartilage, Articular - physiopathology Chondrogenesis - genetics Chondrogenic phenotype Cuffs Cumulative Trauma Disorders - etiology Cumulative Trauma Disorders - pathology Cumulative Trauma Disorders - physiopathology Damage Disease Models, Animal Elastic Modulus Gene Expression Histology Humans Male Mechanical properties Overuse injury Patients Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rotator cuff Rotator Cuff - pathology Rotator Cuff - physiopathology Rotator Cuff Injuries Shoulder Shoulder Joint - injuries Shoulder Joint - pathology Shoulder Joint - physiopathology Shoulders Sports injuries Tearing Tendons Tendons - physiopathology Animal model Overuse injury Chondrogenic phenotype Rotator cuff
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Summary:	Abstract Large rotator cuff tears (supraspinatus and infraspinatus) are common in patients who perform overhead activities (laborers, athletes). In addition, following large cuff tears, these patients commonly attempt to return to pre-injury activity levels. However, there is a limited understanding of the damaging effects on the uninjured joint tissues when doing so. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of returning to overuse activity following a supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear on shoulder function and the structural and biological properties of the intact tendons and glenoid cartilage. Forty rats underwent 4 weeks of overuse followed by detachment of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons and were then randomized into two groups: return to overuse or cage activity. Ambulatory measurements were performed over time and structural and biological properties of the adjacent tendons and cartilage were evaluated. Results demonstrated that animals returning to overuse activity did not have altered shoulder function but despite this, did have altered cartilage and tendon properties. These mechanical changes corresponded to altered transcriptional regulation of chondrogenic genes within cartilage and tendon. This study helps define the mechanical and biological mechanisms leading to joint damage and provides a framework for treating active cuff tear patients.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally
ISSN:	0021-9290 1873-2380
DOI:	10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.05.007