Triggering of Apoptosis is not Sufficient to Induce Human Immunodeficiency Virus Gene Expression

Triggering of Apoptosis is not Sufficient to Induce Human Immunodeficiency Virus Gene Expression

We examined whether there is any causative link between apoptosis and HIV gene expression elicited in response to ultraviolet light (UV) and ionizing radiation (IR). We found that both UV and IR activate HIV gene expression in human T lymphoblastoid 1G5 (HIVluc) cells, but with different kinetics an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IUBMB life Vol. 55; no. 7; pp. 415 - 427
Main Authors: Oakley, Jacqueline, Taher, Mohiuddin, Hershey, Chad, Aggarwal, Puneet, Estwani, Isam, Valerie, Kristoffer
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: UK Informa Healthcare 01-07-2003
Subjects:
Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones - pharmacology
Apoptosis
Blotting, Western
Caspase Inhibitors
Caspases
Cell Line, Tumor
DNA Damage
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
Enzyme Activation
Gene Expression Regulation
HIV - genetics
HIV - metabolism
Humans
Hydrogen Peroxide - pharmacology
Infrared Rays
Ionizing Radiation
Jurkat Cells
Kinetics
Luciferases - metabolism
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism
NF-kappa B - metabolism
Oligopeptides - pharmacology
p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Radiation, Ionizing
Time Factors
Ultraviolet Light
Ultraviolet Rays
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Summary:We examined whether there is any causative link between apoptosis and HIV gene expression elicited in response to ultraviolet light (UV) and ionizing radiation (IR). We found that both UV and IR activate HIV gene expression in human T lymphoblastoid 1G5 (HIVluc) cells, but with different kinetics and magnitudes. Treatment with either type of radiation resulted in increased apoptosis, which correlated closely with HIV gene expression. The involvement of caspases in the IR response was demonstrated by using zVAD‐FMK and zDEVD‐FMK caspase inhibitors; both apoptosis and HIV gene expression were inhibited to similar extent. Surprisingly, treatment of 1G5 cells with FAS antibody triggered apoptosis but did not increase HIV gene expression. A correlation between increased apoptosis and gene expression was also demonstrated in human carcinoma HIVcat/A549 cells with UV whereas IR triggered apoptosis but did not activate HIV gene expression. Most significantly, UV activation of HIV gene expression, and NF‐ κB and p38 MAP kinase, both important for efficient HIV gene expression, were not affected by treatment with the zVAD‐FMK and zDEVD‐FMK inhibitors. Treatment of HIVcat/A549 cells with staurosporine or scrape‐loading of cells with cytochrome c resulted in apoptosis but no increase in HIV gene expression. Altogether, a direct correlation exists between apoptosis and HIV gene expression in T‐cells in response to both UV and IR but this is not the case in carcinoma cells. Triggering of apoptosis per se in either cell type does not necessarily result in increased HIV gene expression. Most importantly, the apoptotic and HIV gene expression responses elicited by UV are different to some extent and can be separated. IUBMB Life, 55: 415‐427, 2003
ISSN:1521-6543
1521-6551
DOI:10.1080/1521654031000146768