Genetic and clinical characterization of canine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in northeastern Argentina

Genetic and clinical characterization of canine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in northeastern Argentina

Canine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum, northeastern Argentina [Display omitted] •L. (L.) infantum is the etiological agents of Argentinean canine leishmaniasis.•Two cytocrome b variants of L. (L) infantum were found in NE Argentina.•Canine leishmaniasis seems to be geograph...

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Published in:Acta tropica Vol. 150; pp. 218 - 223
Main Authors: Barroso, Paola A., Nevot, M.Cecilia, Hoyos, Carlos L., Locatelli, Fabricio M., Lauthier, Juan J., Ruybal, Paula, Cardozo, Rubén M., Russo, Pablo D., Vassiliades, Carola N., Mora, María C., Estévez, J.Octavio, Hashiguchi, Yoshihisa, Korenaga, Masataka, Basombrío, Miguel A., Marco, Jorge D.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-10-2015
Subjects:
Animals
Argentina
Argentina - epidemiology
Canine
Cytochrome b
Disease Reservoirs
Dog
Dog Diseases - epidemiology
Dogs
Female
Leishmania infantum
Leishmania infantum - genetics
Leishmania infantum - isolation & purification
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - epidemiology
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - veterinary
Male
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Typing
Zoonoses
Argentina
Leishmania infantum
Argentina
Typing
Cytochrome b
Dog
Canine
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Summary:Canine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum, northeastern Argentina [Display omitted] •L. (L.) infantum is the etiological agents of Argentinean canine leishmaniasis.•Two cytocrome b variants of L. (L) infantum were found in NE Argentina.•Canine leishmaniasis seems to be geographically spreading or urbanizing in NE Argentina. Leishmaniases comprise zoonotic diseases caused by protozoan flagellates of the Leishmania genus. They are endemic to South America, and the visceral form has been recently reported in Argentina. Dogs can play different roles in the Leishmania transmission cycles, depending mainly on the species of parasite involved. Here we focused on the clinical characterization of canine leishmaniasis (CanL) in Northeast Argentina and on the molecular typing of its etiological agent. The nested polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis of the Leishmania cytochrome b (cyt b) gene was performed on DNA templates purified from lymph nodes, bone marrow or spleen aspirates obtained from 48 dogs previously diagnosed by the observation of Leishmania amastigotes on smears from these aspirates. Their clinical and epidemiological data were also recorded. Systemic abnormalities were observed in 46 subjects (95.8%), most frequently lymphadenopathy, and emaciation (89.6 and 75%). Furthermore, 87% also presented tegumentary abnormalities, such as alopecia (54.2%) or secondary skin lesions (47.9%), among others. Twenty three dogs were positive for cyt b amplification. The sequence analysis showed the presence of two genotypes, LiA1 and LiA2, assigned to Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum, with 99.9 and 100% homology with the reference strain MHOM/TN/80/IPT1 respectively. LiA1 was identified in 18 cases (78.3%) and LiA2 in five (21.7%). Two cyt b variants of L. (L.) infantum were incriminated as the causative agents of CanL cases from three cities: Posadas, Garupá, and Ituzaingó. All three cities are located in the northeastern area of the country, where these parasites seem to be spreading in urban areas.
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ISSN:0001-706X
1873-6254
DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.08.007