Cell-phone-based platform for biomedical device development and education applications

Cell-phone-based platform for biomedical device development and education applications

In this paper we report the development of two attachments to a commercial cell phone that transform the phone's integrated lens and image sensor into a 350x microscope and visible-light spectrometer. The microscope is capable of transmission and polarized microscopy modes and is shown to have...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one Vol. 6; no. 3; p. e17150
Main Authors: Smith, Zachary J, Chu, Kaiqin, Espenson, Alyssa R, Rahimzadeh, Mehdi, Gryshuk, Amy, Molinaro, Marco, Dwyre, Denis M, Lane, Stephen, Matthews, Dennis, Wachsmann-Hogiu, Sebastian
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 02-03-2011
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
Algorithms
Automation
Biology
Blood Cells - cytology
Cameras
Cell Phone - instrumentation
Cellular telephones
Computer Simulation
Education, Medical
Endoscopy
Engineering
Equipment and Supplies
Equipment Design
Esophagus
Fluorescence
Humans
Image acquisition
Image processing
Image quality
International conferences
Laboratories
Light transmission
Localization
Medical equipment
Medicine
Microscopy
Optics
Pattern recognition
Performance evaluation
Photochemistry
Physics
Post-processing
Researchers
Science education
Sensors
Skin cancer
Spectral resolution
Spectrum analysis
Spectrum Analysis - instrumentation
Technology application
Tumors
White light
Sacramento California
United States > US
California
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Summary:In this paper we report the development of two attachments to a commercial cell phone that transform the phone's integrated lens and image sensor into a 350x microscope and visible-light spectrometer. The microscope is capable of transmission and polarized microscopy modes and is shown to have 1.5 micron resolution and a usable field-of-view of 150 x 50 with no image processing, and approximately 350 x 350 when post-processing is applied. The spectrometer has a 300 nm bandwidth with a limiting spectral resolution of close to 5 nm. We show applications of the devices to medically relevant problems. In the case of the microscope, we image both stained and unstained blood-smears showing the ability to acquire images of similar quality to commercial microscope platforms, thus allowing diagnosis of clinical pathologies. With the spectrometer we demonstrate acquisition of a white-light transmission spectrum through diffuse tissue as well as the acquisition of a fluorescence spectrum. We also envision the devices to have immediate relevance in the educational field.
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Conceived and designed the experiments: SW-H SL MM DM DMD ZJS KC. Performed the experiments: SW-H ZJS KC ARE MM. Analyzed the data: ZJS KC SW-H MR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DMD. Wrote the paper: ZJS SW-H AG.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0017150