IFN-γ and IgG responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis latency antigen Rv2626c differentiate remote from recent tuberculosis infection

Tuberculin skin test (TST) and IFN-γ release assays are currently used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) infection but none of them differentiate active from latent infection (LTBI). Since improved tests to diagnose Mtb infection are required, we studied the immune response to Mtb latency...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Scientific reports Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 7472
Main Authors:	Amiano, Nicolás O., Morelli, María P., Pellegrini, Joaquín M., Tateosian, Nancy L., Rolandelli, Agustín, Seery, Vanesa, Castello, Florencia A., Gallego, Claudio, Armitano, Rita, Stupka, Juan, Erschen, María A., Ciallella, Lorena M., de Casado, Graciela C., Cusmano, Liliana, Palmero, Domingo J., Iovanna, Juan L., García, Verónica E.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 04-05-2020 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:	631/1647 631/250 631/61 692/53 692/699 Adolescent Adult Aged Antibodies, Bacterial - blood Antibodies, Bacterial - immunology Antigens Antigens, Bacterial - blood Antigens, Bacterial - immunology Bacteriology Biochemistry Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Dormancy Female Human health and pathology Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Immune response Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulin G - blood Immunoglobulin G - immunology Infections Infectious diseases Interferon-gamma - blood Interferon-gamma - immunology Latency Latent infection Latent Tuberculosis - blood Latent Tuberculosis - diagnosis Latent Tuberculosis - immunology Life Sciences Male Medical personnel Microbiology and Parasitology Middle Aged multidisciplinary Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis - immunology Mycobacterium tuberculosis - metabolism Occupational exposure Plasma levels Science Science (multidisciplinary) Skin tests Tuberculin Tuberculosis γ-Interferon
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Summary:	Tuberculin skin test (TST) and IFN-γ release assays are currently used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) infection but none of them differentiate active from latent infection (LTBI). Since improved tests to diagnose Mtb infection are required, we studied the immune response to Mtb latency antigen Rv2626c in individuals exposed to the bacteria during different periods. Tuberculosis patients (TB), TB close contacts (CC: subjects exposed to Mtb for less than three months) and healthcare workers (HW: individuals exposed to Mtb at least two years) were recruited and QuantiFERON (QFT) assay, TST and IFN-γ secretion to Rv2626c were analyzed. Twenty-two percent of the individuals assessed had discordant results between QFT and TST tests. Furthermore, QFT negative and QFT positive individuals produced differential levels of IFN-γ against Rv2626c, in direct association with their exposure period to Mtb . Actually, 91% of CC QFT negative subjects secreted low levels of IFN-γ to Rv2626c, whereas 43% of HW QFT negative people produced elevated IFN-γ amounts against Rv2626c. Conversely, 69% of CC QFT positive subjects didn´t produce IFN-γ to Rv2626c. Interestingly, a similar pattern of IgG anti-Rv2626c plasma levels was observed. Therefore, determination of IFN-γ and IgG levels against the dormancy antigen Rv2626c allows to identify established LTBI.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 PMCID: PMC7198533
ISSN:	2045-2322 2045-2322
DOI:	10.1038/s41598-020-64428-z