The histopathological evaluation of the effectiveness of melatonin as a protectant against acute lung injury induced by radiation therapy in a rat model

Purpose: This study presents the histopathological evaluation of the effectiveness of melatonin as a protectant against acute lung injury induced by radiation therapy. Materials and methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four groups. The rats in Group 1 received melatonin and underwent ra...

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Published in:	International journal of radiation biology Vol. 83; no. 3; pp. 187 - 193
Main Authors:	Serin, Meltem, Gülba, Hülya, Gürses, clal, Erkal, Haldun ükrü, Yücel, Neslihan
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Informa UK Ltd 2007 Taylor & Francis
Subjects:	acute lung injury Animals Gamma Rays Lung - drug effects Lung - radiation effects Lung Injury Macrophages, Alveolar - drug effects Macrophages, Alveolar - pathology Macrophages, Alveolar - radiation effects Male melatonin Melatonin - pharmacology Radiation Injuries, Experimental - etiology Radiation Injuries, Experimental - pathology Radiation Injuries, Experimental - prevention & control Radiation therapy Radiation-Protective Agents - pharmacology Radiotherapy - adverse effects Rats Rats, Wistar Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - etiology Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - pathology Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - prevention & control
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Summary:	Purpose: This study presents the histopathological evaluation of the effectiveness of melatonin as a protectant against acute lung injury induced by radiation therapy. Materials and methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four groups. The rats in Group 1 received melatonin and underwent radiation therapy. The rats in Group 2 received no melatonin and underwent radiation therapy. The rats in Group 3 received melatonin and underwent sham radiation therapy. The rats in Group 4 received no melatonin and underwent sham radiation therapy. Melatonin was administered at a dose of 100 mg kg using an intraperitoneal injection. Radiation therapy was delivered on a Cobalt-60 unit using a single fraction of 18 Gy through an anterior portal covering the right lung in entirety. The rats underwent euthanasia at 6 weeks following radiation therapy. The lungs were dissected and blinded histopathological evaluation was performed. Results: Concerning the right lung, a decrease in intra-alveolar edema and intra-alveolar erythrocytes was observed despite an increase in activated macrophages, intra-alveolar fibrosis, hyaline arteriosclerosis and alveolar wall thickness for the rats in Group 1 as compared to the rats in Group 2. Concerning the left lung, a decrease in alveolar neutrophils and intra-alveolar erythrocytes was evident despite an increase in activated macrophages, hyaline arteriosclerosis and alveolar wall thickness for the rats in Group 1 as compared to the rats in Group 2. Conclusions: This study puts forward the histopathological evidence regarding the effectiveness of melatonin as a protectant against acute lung injury induced by radiation therapy through restrained inflammation, regrettably at the expense of promoted fibrosis. The effectiveness of melatonin as a protectant against acute lung injury induced by radiation therapy needs to be evaluated further for the unresolved concerns regarding the safety.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0955-3002 1362-3095
DOI:	10.1080/09553000601129093