Vaginal candidiasis and its risk factors among women attending a Nigerian teaching hospital

Vaginal candidiasis and its risk factors among women attending a Nigerian teaching hospital

The study was set to detect Candida species in female genital discharge and validate the associated risk factors. A prospective study of female genital swabs collected from women with abnormal vaginal discharge (test group) and a control group who were attending gynaecology, family planning, antenat...

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Published in:The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 20 - 23
Main Authors: Nwadioha, S I, Nwokedi, E O P, Egesie, J, Enejuo, H
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Nigeria Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 01-03-2013
Subjects:
Adult
Candida albicans
Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal - diagnosis
Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal - microbiology
Case-Control Studies
culture
Female
Hospitals, Teaching
Humans
microscopy
Nigeria
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - diagnosis
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - microbiology
Prospective Studies
risk factors
vaginal candidiasis
Vaginal Discharge - microbiology
Young Adult
Nigeria
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Summary:The study was set to detect Candida species in female genital discharge and validate the associated risk factors. A prospective study of female genital swabs collected from women with abnormal vaginal discharge (test group) and a control group who were attending gynaecology, family planning, antenatal care or HIV/STI clinics of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano Nigeria and analysed for microscopy and culture in microbiology laboratory from December 2008 to December 2009. Data on epidemiologic indices were collected from the patients, using structured interviewer- administered questionnaires. Candida species were detected in the test group in 60% (n=600/1000) cases of infective vaginal discharge while 12% (120/1000) in the control group. The isolation rate of Candida albicans was 69% more than the non- albicans. Distribution of vaginal candidiasis in the test group, was prevalent in young adults age group of 21 to 30 years with 50% (n=300/600), in patients with pregnancy 38% (n=225/600) and patients with chronically debilitating illnesses 26% (n=157/600). The result shows that vaginal candidiasis is quite common and Candida albicans is the most prevalent species. We therefore recommend early diagnosis and prompt treatment of vaginal candidiasis in all women clinics especially among the patients with chronic debilitating illness, pregnancy and young adults in order to avert the complications of vaginal candidiasis and reduce HIV transmission.
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ISSN:1117-1936
2468-6875
DOI:10.4103/2278-0521.165492