Differential forebrain c- fos mRNA induction by ether inhalation and novelty: evidence for distinctive stress pathways

Previous studies indicate the existence of subtypes of stressors invoking distinct patterns of neuronal integration. Pathways activated by stress appear to depend on whether the perceived threat is processive/neurogenic or systemic in nature. To test this hypothesis, the present study compares magni...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Brain research Vol. 845; no. 1; pp. 60 - 67
Main Authors:	Emmert, Melanie H, Herman, James P
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Elsevier B.V 16-10-1999 Amsterdam Elsevier New York, NY
Subjects:	Amygdala Amygdala - cytology Amygdala - physiology Anesthetics, Inhalation - pharmacology Animals Biochemistry and metabolism Biological and medical sciences Brain Chemistry - drug effects Brain Chemistry - physiology Central nervous system Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus - cytology Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus - physiology Dorsomedial hypothalamus ether Ether - pharmacology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Expression - drug effects Gene Expression - physiology Hippocampus Hippocampus - cytology Hippocampus - physiology Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - cytology Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis In Situ Hybridization Male Neural Pathways Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - cytology Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - physiology Paraventricular nucleus Pituitary-Adrenal System - cytology Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology Prosencephalon - physiology Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - genetics Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley RNA, Messenger - analysis Septum Septum of Brain - cytology Septum of Brain - physiology Stress, Physiological - physiopathology Suprachiasmatic Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - cytology Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - physiology Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs Dorsomedial hypothalamus Amygdala Septum Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis Paraventricular nucleus Suprachiasmatic Hippocampus Vertebrata Mammalia Rat Rodentia Central nervous system Gene expression Protooncogene Stress Immediate early gene Prosencephalon Hypothalamohypophysocorticoadrenal axis
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Summary:	Previous studies indicate the existence of subtypes of stressors invoking distinct patterns of neuronal integration. Pathways activated by stress appear to depend on whether the perceived threat is processive/neurogenic or systemic in nature. To test this hypothesis, the present study compares magnitude and extent of c- fos mRNA induction in response to novelty (open field (OF), representing a processive stressor) or ether exposure (representing a systemic stressor). Exposure to the OF or ether fumes both produced increases in plasma corticosterone (CORT) levels; notably, peak levels of secretion were elevated in the ether group, suggestive of augmented HPA secretory activity to this stressor. In situ hybridization analysis of c- fos mRNA induction reveals common and divergent activational properties in the two stress groups. The extent of c- fos mRNA expression was similar in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), despite stress-related differences in CORT secretion. Analysis of the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and limbic sites, specifically, the lateral septum and medial amygdaloid nucleus, indicate greater c- fos mRNA induction in animals exposed to OF stress. The frontoparietal cortex was only forebrain region showing differential activation by ether. Differential c- fos induction was not observed in the medial preoptic area (ventrolateral quadrant), paraventricular thalamus, dorsolateral striatum or hippocampus. The results indicate that processive and systemic stressors differ not only in the patterning of neuronal activation in the CNS, but also in the extent to which selected stress-sensitive regions are induced.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	0006-8993 1872-6240
DOI:	10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01931-9