Updated analyses of temperature and precipitation extreme indices since the beginning of the twentieth century: The HadEX2 dataset

In this study, we present the collation and analysis of the gridded land‐based dataset of indices of temperature and precipitation extremes: HadEX2. Indices were calculated based on station data using a consistent approach recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Expert Team on Cli...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of geophysical research. Atmospheres Vol. 118; no. 5; pp. 2098 - 2118
Main Authors:	Donat, M. G., Alexander, L. V., Yang, H., Durre, I., Vose, R., Dunn, R. J. H., Willett, K. M., Aguilar, E., Brunet, M., Caesar, J., Hewitson, B., Jack, C., Klein Tank, A. M. G., Kruger, A. C., Marengo, J., Peterson, T. C., Renom, M., Oria Rojas, C., Rusticucci, M., Salinger, J., Elrayah, A. S., Sekele, S. S., Srivastava, A. K., Trewin, B., Villarroel, C., Vincent, L. A., Zhai, P., Zhang, X., Kitching, S.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Hoboken, NJ Blackwell Publishing Ltd 16-03-2013 John Wiley & Sons
Subjects:	Climate Climate change climate extremes Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology External geophysics Extreme values Extreme weather Geophysics global gridded dataset Global warming Mathematical analysis Meteorology observations Precipitation Precipitation (meteorological) Stations Temperature Trends World Meteorological Organization Century 20th atmospheric precipitation extreme value
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Summary:	In this study, we present the collation and analysis of the gridded land‐based dataset of indices of temperature and precipitation extremes: HadEX2. Indices were calculated based on station data using a consistent approach recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices, resulting in the production of 17 temperature and 12 precipitation indices derived from daily maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation observations. High‐quality in situ observations from over 7000 temperature and 11,000 precipitation meteorological stations across the globe were obtained to calculate the indices over the period of record available for each station. Monthly and annual indices were then interpolated onto a 3.75° × 2.5° longitude‐latitude grid over the period 1901–2010. Linear trends in the gridded fields were computed and tested for statistical significance. Overall there was very good agreement with the previous HadEX dataset during the overlapping data period. Results showed widespread significant changes in temperature extremes consistent with warming, especially for those indices derived from daily minimum temperature over the whole 110 years of record but with stronger trends in more recent decades. Seasonal results showed significant warming in all seasons but more so in the colder months. Precipitation indices also showed widespread and significant trends, but the changes were much more spatially heterogeneous compared with temperature changes. However, results indicated more areas with significant increasing trends in extreme precipitation amounts, intensity, and frequency than areas with decreasing trends. Key Points We present the most comprehensive land‐based gridded dataset of climate extremes Temperature extremes show consistent warming trends over the past century Precipitation extremes are increasing in more areas than they are decreasing
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/WNG-JHN22R7X-H istex:FEAF5D1A2D1A8702398AF4C546552CA28899FF7E ArticleID:JGRD50150 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2169-897X 2169-8996
DOI:	10.1002/jgrd.50150