Acute effects of concentric and eccentric exercise on glucose metabolism and interleukin-6 concentration in healthy males

Acute muscle-damaging eccentric exercise (EE) negatively affects glucose metabolism. On the other hand, long-term eccentric endurance exercise seems to result in equal or superior positive effects on glucose metabolism compared to concentric endurance exercise. However, it is not known if acute non-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Biology of sport Vol. 33; no. 2; pp. 153 - 158
Main Authors:	Philippe, M, Krüsmann, P J, Mersa, L, Eder, E M, Gatterer, H, Melmer, A, Ebenbichler, C, Burtscher, M
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Poland Termedia Publishing House 01-01-2016 Institute of Sport in Warsaw
Subjects:	Acute effects Adaptation Concentric exercise Cytokines Eccentric exercise Glucose Glucose metabolism Glucose tolerance Interleukin 6 Metabolism Muscles Original Walking Glucose tolerance Eccentric exercise Concentric exercise Interleukin-6
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Summary:	Acute muscle-damaging eccentric exercise (EE) negatively affects glucose metabolism. On the other hand, long-term eccentric endurance exercise seems to result in equal or superior positive effects on glucose metabolism compared to concentric endurance exercise. However, it is not known if acute non-muscle-damaging EE will have the same positive effects on glucose metabolism as acute concentric exercise (CE). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) released from the exercising muscles may be involved in the acute adaptations of glucose metabolism after CE and non-muscle-damaging EE. The aim of this study was to assess acute effects of uphill walking (CE) and non-muscle-damaging downhill walking (EE) on glucose metabolism and IL-6 secretion. Seven sedentary non-smoking, healthy males participated in a crossover trial consisting of a 1 h uphill (CE) and a 1 h downhill (EE) walking block on a treadmill. Venous blood samples were drawn before (pre), directly after (acute) and 24 h after (post) exercise. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed before and 24 h after exercise. Glucose tolerance after 1 and 2 hours significantly improved 24 hours after CE (-10.12±3.22%: P=0.039; -13.40±8.24%: P=0.028). After EE only the 1-hour value was improved (-5.03±5.48%: P=0.043). Acute IL-6 concentration rose significantly after CE but not after EE. We conclude that both a single bout of CE and a single bout of non-muscle-damaging EE elicit positive changes in glucose tolerance even in young, healthy subjects. Our experiment indicates that the overall metabolic cost is a major trigger for acute adaptations of glucose tolerance after exercise, but only the IL-6 production during EE was closely related to changes in glycaemic control.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0860-021X 2083-1862
DOI:	10.5604/20831862.1198634