Detection of a new cluster of porcine circovirus type 2b strains in domestic pigs in Germany

•First report about new emerging PCV2b-1C strains in German domestic pigs.•German PCV2b-1C strains show considerable differences in full genome sequences to BDH.•Origin of new strains outside of Europe is likely.•Diagnostic assays have found to be revalidated. PCV2 can be divided into three differen...

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Published in:	Veterinary microbiology Vol. 176; no. 3-4; pp. 337 - 343
Main Authors:	Eddicks, M., Fux, R., Szikora, F., Eddicks, L., Majzoub-Altweck, M., Hermanns, W., Sutter, G., Palzer, A., Banholzer, E., Ritzmann, M.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 17-04-2015
Subjects:	Animals Base Sequence Circoviridae Infections - epidemiology Circoviridae Infections - veterinary Circovirus - genetics Communicable Diseases, Emerging - veterinary Communicable Diseases, Emerging - virology Genotype Germany - epidemiology In Situ Hybridization - veterinary Molecular Sequence Data PCV2 mutant PCV2b-1C PCVD Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary Sequence Analysis, DNA - veterinary Sus scrofa Swine Swine Diseases - epidemiology Swine Diseases - virology Vaccination failure Germany PCV2b-1C PCV2 mutant PCVD Vaccination failure
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Summary:	•First report about new emerging PCV2b-1C strains in German domestic pigs.•German PCV2b-1C strains show considerable differences in full genome sequences to BDH.•Origin of new strains outside of Europe is likely.•Diagnostic assays have found to be revalidated. PCV2 can be divided into three different genotypes: PCV2a, PCV2b and PCV2c. Since 2004/2005 PCV2b has become the predominant genotype in the domestic pig population worldwide. In the years 2010 and 2012 PCV2b mutant strains (mPCV2), classified as PCV2b-1C strains, were detected in porcine circovirus diseases (PCVD) affected pigs in China and the United States, respectively. Within one year (April 2013–April 2014) newly emerging mPCV2 strains were isolated in seven German pig farms routinely vaccinating against PCV2. Histopathological, clinical and molecular biological findings including in-situ hybridization (ISH) and real-time PCR indicate PCVD in the affected animals. Characterized isolates from five farms were closely related to the PCV2b-1C reference strain BDH (GenBank no. HM038017), whereas strains from two other farms were only 99.1% and 99.0% identical (based on the nucleotide sequence of the complete genome) to mPCV2 strain BDH, respectively.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0378-1135 1873-2542
DOI:	10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.01.013