Relationship between serum cobalamin concentration and endoscopic ileal appearance and histology in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy

Background It has not been determined whether ileal appearance differs among dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) and different serum concentrations of cobalamin. Objective To compare endoscopic and histologic ileal findings in dogs with CIE and different serum cobalamin concentrations a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of veterinary internal medicine Vol. 36; no. 3; pp. 957 - 965
Main Authors:	Pérez‐Merino, Eva M., Cristóbal‐Verdejo, Ignacio, Duque‐Carrasco, Francisco J., Espadas‐González, Lorena, Pastor‐Sirvent, Nieves, Usón‐Casaús, Jesús M.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-05-2022 Wiley
Subjects:	Biopsy canine Dogs Endoscopy Gastrointestinal diseases histopathology Inflammatory bowel disease Laboratories Lymphocytes Neutrophils Proteins SMALL ANIMAL small bowel disease Small intestine Teaching hospitals small bowel disease histopathology endoscopy canine
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Summary:	Background It has not been determined whether ileal appearance differs among dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) and different serum concentrations of cobalamin. Objective To compare endoscopic and histologic ileal findings in dogs with CIE and different serum cobalamin concentrations and then evaluate the correlation of ileal changes to cobalamin serum concentration using updated scoring systems to assess the ileum. Animals Sixty‐eight dogs with CIE. Methods Retrospective study. Frequency of ileal features and ileal histologic and endoscopic scores (IHS and IES) were obtained and compared among CIE dogs with severe hypocobalaminemia (SHC; <200 ng/L), hypocobalaminemia (HC; 200‐350 ng/L), or normocobalaminemia (NC; >350 ng/L). The correlation of IHS and IES with cobalamin was evaluated. Results Friability, villus atrophy, crypt dilatation, epithelial injury, and intraepithelial lymphocytes were more frequent in SHC than in NC dogs (all P ≤ .01). Median SHC‐IES (2; range, 0‐4) was higher than NC‐IES (1; range, 0‐5; P = .004). Median SHC‐IHS (6; range, 3‐9) was higher than HC‐IHS (4; range, 1‐7; P < .001) and NC‐IHS (3; range, 1‐8; P < .001). Cobalamin concentration correlated negatively with IES (ρ = −.34, P = .005) and IHS (ρ = −.58, P < .001). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Ileal features and involvement degree markedly differed when cobalamin was <200 or >350 ng/L in CIE dogs. With updated scales to assess the mucosa, greater ileal damage was associated with lower serum cobalamin concentration.
Bibliography:	Funding information Junta de Extremadura, Grant/Award Number: GR21085 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Funding information Junta de Extremadura, Grant/Award Number: GR21085
ISSN:	0891-6640 1939-1676
DOI:	10.1111/jvim.16436