Identification of TB space-time clusters and hotspots in Ouest département, Haiti, 2011-2016

BACKGROUND: Haiti has the highest incidence rate of TB in the Western Hemisphere, with an estimated 170 cases per 100,000 in 2019. Since 2010, control efforts have focused on targeted case-finding activities in urban areas, implementation of rapid molecular diagnostics at high-volume TB centers, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Public health action Vol. 11; no. 2; pp. 101 - 107
Main Authors:	Dismer, A. M., Charles, M., Dear, N., Louis-Jean, J. M., Barthelemy, N., Richard, M., Morose, W., Fitter, D. L.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	France International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 21-06-2021
Subjects:	Anselin Moran's I Geocoder Getis-Ord Gi Orignal Space-Time Scan space-time scan Anselin Moran’s I Getis-Ord Gi Geocoder
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Summary:	BACKGROUND: Haiti has the highest incidence rate of TB in the Western Hemisphere, with an estimated 170 cases per 100,000 in 2019. Since 2010, control efforts have focused on targeted case-finding activities in urban areas, implementation of rapid molecular diagnostics at high-volume TB centers, and improved reporting. TB analyses are rarely focused on lower geographic units; thus, the major goal was to determine if there were focal areas of TB transmission from 2011 to 2016 at operational geographic levels useful for the National TB Control Program (PNLT).METHODS: We created a geocoder to locate TB cases at the smallest geographic level. Kulldorff's space-time permutation scan, Anselin Moran's I, and Getis-Ord Gi* statistics were used to determine the spatial distribution and clusters of TB.RESULTS: With 91% of cases linked using the geocoder, TB clusters were identified each year. Getis-Ord Gi* analysis revealed 14 distinct spatial clusters of high incidences in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area. One hundred retrospective space-time clusters were detected.CONCLUSION: Our study confirms the presence of TB hotspots in the Ouest département, with most clusters in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area. Results will help the PNLT and its partners better design case-finding strategies for these areas.
Bibliography:	2220-8372(20210621)11:2L.101;1- ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2220-8372 2220-8372
DOI:	10.5588/pha.20.0085