The influence of the larval microbiome on susceptibility to Zika virus is mosquito genotype-dependent

The microbiome of the mosquito Aedes aegypti is largely determined by the environment and influences mosquito susceptibility for arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). Larval interactions with different bacteria can have carry-over effects on adult Ae. aegypti replication of arboviruses, but little...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	PLoS pathogens Vol. 19; no. 10; p. e1011727
Main Authors:	Accoti, Anastasia, Multini, Laura C, Diouf, Babakar, Becker, Margaret, Vulcan, Julia, Sylla, Massamba, Yap, Dianne Y, Khanipov, Kamil, Diallo, Mawlouth, Gaye, Alioune, Dickson, Laura B
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 01-10-2023 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	Aedes Aedes aegypti Analysis Animals Aquatic insects Arboviruses Bacteria Biology and Life Sciences Climate change Climatic changes Community structure Ecology and Environmental Sciences Environmental aspects Genetic aspects Genetic variation Genetics Genotype & phenotype Genotypes Gnotobiotic Health aspects Infections Influence Larva - microbiology Larvae Medicine and Health Sciences Microbiomes Microbiota Mosquito Vectors - genetics Mosquitoes Phenotype Principal components analysis Sequences Vector-borne diseases Virus diseases Viruses Zika virus Zika Virus - genetics Zika Virus Infection - genetics United States Senegal Africa
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Summary:	The microbiome of the mosquito Aedes aegypti is largely determined by the environment and influences mosquito susceptibility for arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). Larval interactions with different bacteria can have carry-over effects on adult Ae. aegypti replication of arboviruses, but little is known about the role that mosquito host genetics play in determining how larval-bacterial interactions shape Ae aegypti susceptibility to arboviruses. To address this question, we isolated single bacterial isolates and complex microbiomes from Ae. aegypti larvae from various field sites in Senegal. Either single bacterial isolates or complex microbiomes were added to two different genetic backgrounds of Ae. aegypti in a gnotobiotic larval system. Using 16S amplicon sequencing we showed that the bacterial community structure differs between the two genotypes of Ae. aegypti when given identical microbiomes, and the abundance of single bacterial taxa differed between Ae. aegypti genotypes. Using single bacterial isolates or the entire preserved complex microbiome, we tested the ability of specific larval microbiomes to drive differences in infection rates for Zika virus in different genetic backgrounds of Ae. aegypti. We observed that the proportion of Zika virus-infected adults was dependent on the interaction between the larval microbiome and Ae. aegypti host genetics. By using the larval microbiome as a component of the environment, these results demonstrate that interactions between the Ae. aegypti genotype and its environment can influence Zika virus infection. As Ae. aegypti expands and adapts to new environments under climate change, an understanding of how different genotypes interact with the same environment will be crucial for implementing arbovirus transmission control strategies.
Bibliography:	new_version ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1553-7374 1553-7366 1553-7374
DOI:	10.1371/journal.ppat.1011727