Cross-sectional serological study of canine Leishmania infection in Fortaleza, Ceará state, Brazil

Cross-sectional serological study of canine Leishmania infection in Fortaleza, Ceará state, Brazil

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important reemerging parasitic disease in the world. The domestic dog is the main reservoir in urban environments. The aim of this work was to extend the knowledge on canine Leishmania infection in the city of Fortaleza in northeastern Brazil, identifyi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary parasitology Vol. 155; no. 1; pp. 24 - 31
Main Authors: Rondon, F.C.M., Bevilaqua, C.M.L., Franke, C.R., Barros, R.S., Oliveira, F.R., Alcântara, A.C., Diniz, A.T.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-08-2008
Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier
Subjects:
animal age
animal pathogens
Animals
antigens
Brazil - epidemiology
breed differences
Cross-Sectional Studies
disease diagnosis
disease incidence
disease reservoirs
dog breeds
dog diseases
Dog Diseases - blood
Dog Diseases - epidemiology
Dog Diseases - parasitology
Dogs
emerging diseases
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Female
geographical variation
Leishmania
Leishmania chagasi
Leishmania donovani
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - blood
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - epidemiology
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - veterinary
Male
Northeastern Brazil
pathogen identification
Risk factors
seasonal variation
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Seroprevalence
signs and symptoms (animals and humans)
stray animals
Time Factors
vegetation
Visceral leishmaniasis
zoonoses
Brazil
Northeastern Brazil
Visceral leishmaniasis
Leishmania
Risk factors
Seroprevalence
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Summary:Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important reemerging parasitic disease in the world. The domestic dog is the main reservoir in urban environments. The aim of this work was to extend the knowledge on canine Leishmania infection in the city of Fortaleza in northeastern Brazil, identifying the risk factors inherent in dog susceptibility to the infection. Two populations were analyzed, domestic dogs from clinics and the Veterinary Hospital Unit of Ceará State University and stray dogs captured by the Center for Zoonosis Control in Fortaleza. Blood samples were collected and centrifuged and the sera were stored at −20 °C. ELISA, with soluble crude Leishmania chagasi antigens (LTCC – WDCM731) was used for diagnosis. A total of 1381 samples were tested, 750 from domestic and 631 from stray dogs. The seroprevalence of canine VL was 21.4% (135/631) in stray dogs and 26.2% (197/750) in domestic dogs. The seroprevalence of Leishmania infection in the six administrative regions of the city ( Secretarias Executivas Regionais, or SER) among stray dogs was highest in SER V, representing 31.4% of the cases, with large dogs more infected (27.7%). Among domestic dogs Leishmania infection was most prevalent in SER V (38.5%) and VI (37.6%). The dogs’ age (1–6 years), large size, environment with dense vegetation and presence of clinical signs compatible with Leishmania infection were associated with the illness in domestic dogs. The frequency of the infection varied seasonally. The seroprevalence was greatest in July and December. These results confirm Fortaleza is an endemic area for canine VL and suggest some variables associated with increasing infection risk in dog populations.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.04.014
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:0304-4017
1873-2550
DOI:10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.04.014