Nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of the type A2 neurotoxin gene cluster in Clostridium botulinum

Nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of the type A2 neurotoxin gene cluster in Clostridium botulinum

The nucleotide sequences of the upstream regions of the botulinum neurotoxin type A1 (BoNT/A1) cluster of Clostridium botulinum strain NCTC 2916 and the BoNT/A2 cluster of strain Kyoto-F were determined. A novel gene, designated orfx3, was identified following the orfx2 gene in both clusters. ORF-X2...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:FEMS microbiology letters Vol. 235; no. 1; pp. 9 - 16
Main Authors: Dineen, S.S, Bradshaw, M, Karasek, C.E, Johnson, E.A
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Oxford Blackwell 01-06-2004
Subjects:
Base Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
botulinum toxin
Botulinum Toxins, Type A - genetics
Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium botulinum - genetics
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genes, Bacterial
microbial genetics
Microbiology
Molecular Sequence Data
Multigene Family
Mycology
nucleotide sequences
orfx3 gene
Pathogenicity, host-agent relations, miscellaneous strains, epidemiology
Promoter Regions, Genetic
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Sequence Analysis, DNA
transcription (genetics)
Transcription Initiation Site
Transcription, Genetic
Gene cluster
Clostridium botulinum
Nucleotide sequence
Enzyme
Clostridiales
Metalloendopeptidases
Botulinum neurotoxin
Peptidases
Toxin
Bontoxilysin
Clostridiaceae
Bacteria
Hydrolases
Toxin complex
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Description
Summary:The nucleotide sequences of the upstream regions of the botulinum neurotoxin type A1 (BoNT/A1) cluster of Clostridium botulinum strain NCTC 2916 and the BoNT/A2 cluster of strain Kyoto-F were determined. A novel gene, designated orfx3, was identified following the orfx2 gene in both clusters. ORF-X2 and ORF-X3 exhibit similarity to the BoNT cluster associated P-47 protein. The BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A2 clusters share a similar gene arrangement, but exhibit differences in the spacing between certain genes. Sequences with similarity to transposases were identified in these intergenic regions, suggesting that these differences arose from an ancestral insertion event. Transcriptional analysis of the BoNT/A2 cluster revealed that the genes of the cluster are primarily synthesized as three polycistronic transcripts. Two divergent polycistronic transcripts, one encoding the orfx1, orfx2, and orfx3 genes, the second encoding the p47, ntnh, and bont/a2 genes, are transcribed from conserved BoNT cluster promoters. The third polycistronic transcript, expressed at low levels, encodes the positive regulatory botR gene and the orfx genes. This is the first complete analysis of a botulinum toxin A2 cluster.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-1
content type line 23
ISSN:0378-1097
1574-6968
DOI:10.1016/j.femsle.2004.04.002