Real world results of venetoclax combined with hypomethylating agents in relapsed/refractory AML

Real world results of venetoclax combined with hypomethylating agents in relapsed/refractory AML

Relapsed/refractory AML cases are much more resistant to chemotherapy. Venetoclax is a highly sensitive BCL-2 inhibitor. It was aimed to evaluate the effects of venetoclax therapy on real-world R/R AML survival outcomes, the effects of the cytogenetic characteristics of the patients and previous cli...

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Published in:European review for medical and pharmacological sciences Vol. 25; no. 21; p. 6557
Main Authors: Ucar, M A, Ozet, G, Koyuncu, M B, Sonmez, M, Akidan, O, Ayli, M, Yildirim, M, Pehlivan, M, Akkurd, D M, Sahin, H, Guvenc, B, Okan, V, Tiftik, E N, Akdeniz, A, Dincyurek, H D, Gunes, A K, Dagdas, S, Acar, H I, Ucar, H K, Tombak, A
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Italy 01-11-2021
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use
Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic - therapeutic use
DNA Methylation
Female
Humans
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - therapy
Male
Middle Aged
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - drug therapy
Recurrence
Retrospective Studies
Salvage Therapy
Stem Cell Transplantation
Sulfonamides - therapeutic use
Young Adult
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Summary:Relapsed/refractory AML cases are much more resistant to chemotherapy. Venetoclax is a highly sensitive BCL-2 inhibitor. It was aimed to evaluate the effects of venetoclax therapy on real-world R/R AML survival outcomes, the effects of the cytogenetic characteristics of the patients and previous clinical applications on treatment response, and venetoclax treatment toxicity. The study included patients who only received a venetoclax-based salvage on R/R AML patients from Turkey. The study included a total of 62 patients from 6 different centers in Turkey. Response to 2 cycles of venetoclax treatment was assessed by bone marrow blast rate. The demographic data, cytogenetic characteristics, AML type, MDS type, response rates and overall survival of the patients after venetoclax combination treatment were assessed. Median age of the patients was 65 (19-85). Mean number of prior treatments was 2.67 ±1.75. 13 patients (21%) had a history of allogenic stem cell transplantation. 58 (93.5%) had received HMA therapy before venetoclax. 36 patients (58.1%) had de-novo AML, and 25 (40.3%) previously had MDS. Treatment response was evaluated as complete remission (n = 21, 33.9%), partial response (n = 17, 27.4%), and treatment failure (n = 24, 38.7%). Patients in the TF group were significantly more likely to have poor cytogenetic and to have received allogeneic transplants. The mean estimated overall survival after the venetoclax treatment was 9.13 ± 0.75 months. The study population consisted of a group of patients who had relapsed or primary refractory disease with poor prognosis, despite numerous rounds of chemotherapy. It is our belief that the high response rates obtained with the combination of venetoclax/HMA, and having obtained positive results with poor risk patients, indicated a promising perspective for R/R AML patients.
ISSN:2284-0729
DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202111_27126