Development of sustainable foamed alkali-activated materials for modular construction

Development of sustainable foamed alkali-activated materials for modular construction

The production of non-structural parts for modular construction demands a material which combines low density and suitable mechanical strength—foam products are a feasible option. Alkali-activated materials (AAM) have been highly studied in the past decades as potential sustainable binders. Steel sl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering Vol. 45; no. 8
Main Authors: Camargos, Juliana Sofia Fonseca, Dias, Eduardo Antonio Pinto, da Silva, Guilherme Mendes, Nunes, Vitor Alencar, Borges, Paulo Henrique Ribeiro
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-08-2023
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Compressive strength
Density
Engineering
GGBS
Granulation
Mechanical Engineering
Modular construction
Modular structures
Porosity
Slag
Statistical analysis
Surfactants
Sustainable development
Technical Paper
Foamed alkali-activated materials
Foamed geopolymer
Alkali-activated material
Blast furnace slag
Steel slag
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Summary:The production of non-structural parts for modular construction demands a material which combines low density and suitable mechanical strength—foam products are a feasible option. Alkali-activated materials (AAM) have been highly studied in the past decades as potential sustainable binders. Steel slag (SS) has little commercial application and could be applied as possible sustainable binder alternative to ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) in AAM. This paper studied GGBFS/SS-based foamed AAM (FAAM) applying a mechanical foaming method and analyzed the effect of different quantities of the surfactant (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 2%) in the density, compressive strength, porosity and in the porous microstructure. The results have shown that the replacement of 35% GGBFS with SS reduced the compressive strength in 38.1% at 28 days, due to the lower reactivity of SS compared to GGBFS. When the surfactant is added at 2%, the statistical analysis confirmed that the use of SS does not affect porosity. The density reduced equally for GGBFS and GGBFS/SS FAAM (from 1.80 to 1.44 g/cm 3 and from 1.82 to 1.42 g/cm 3 , respectively). The reduction in compressive strength of the different matrices is, however, significantly different: from 46.89 to 22.55 MPa for GGBFS FAAM and from 29.02 to 13.78 MPa for GGBFS/SS FAAM at 28 days. Nevertheless, SS may be potential sustainable candidate as partial replacement to GGBFS in the development of sustainable FAAM, as the lowest strength of GGBFS/SS (13.78 MPa) is still acceptable when higher surfactant content is employed (2%).
ISSN:1678-5878
1806-3691
DOI:10.1007/s40430-023-04346-z