Using tea waste to produce a high-performance lithium-ion capacitor—Bio-graphite/ Li4Ti5O12 (LTO)

Lithium-Ion Capacitors (LICs) show promise as electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs) that combine a supercapacitor-type cathode and a Lithium Ion-type anode with an organic electrolyte containing lithium salts. In this study, porous carbon (LICs cathode) was synthesized from tea waste biomas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Results in engineering Vol. 22; p. 102156
Main Authors:	Purwanto, Agus, Diantoro, Marcus, Subagio, Agus, Meevasana, Worawat, Apriliyani, Enni, Yudha, Cornelius Satria, Widiyandari, Hendri
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01-06-2024 Elsevier
Subjects:	Bio-graphite Lithium ion capacitors Lithium titanate Specific discharge Tea waste Lithium titanate Specific discharge Lithium ion capacitors Bio-graphite Tea waste
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Summary:	Lithium-Ion Capacitors (LICs) show promise as electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs) that combine a supercapacitor-type cathode and a Lithium Ion-type anode with an organic electrolyte containing lithium salts. In this study, porous carbon (LICs cathode) was synthesized from tea waste biomass using a potassium carbonate (K2CO3) activator. During synthesis, the weight ratios for carbon and activator were 1:2 (GAC-2); 1:3 (GAC-3); and, 1:4 (GAC-4), respectively. Meanwhile, the synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 material (LICs anode) was carried out using a salt-assisted solid-state method. Based on X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), the synthesized carbon material initially showed an amorphous structure (without activator), which was followed by the formation of graphite peaks (activator addition). The XRD pattern of prepared LTO material matched the cubic spinel structure of Li4Ti5O12 (Fd-3m, PDF no. 49–0207). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis revealed macropores in the synthesized carbon material in all samples whereas the LTO material displayed a cubic morphology with a smooth surface. The specific discharge capacity of the prepared LTO was 160 mAh/g (half-cell vs. Li). The Specific Discharge Capacities of Lithium ion capacitor (LIC) of LTO/HC, LTO/GAC-2, LTO/GAC-3, and LTO/GAC-4 samples were 22, 36, 42 and 51 mAh/g, respectively. The Cyclic voltammetry verified that the prepared cells have stable pseudocapacity properties. The prepared LIB from tea waste bio-graphite/LTO shows its high-performance characteristic indicates from its energy density, power density and lifetime. •Lithium-Ion Capacitor have been successfully prepared from tea waste bio-graphite and Lithium titanate.•Tea waste carbon material showed an amorphous structure followed by the formation of graphite peaks.•The prepared LTO material the resulting peaks matched the cubic spinel structure of Li4Ti5O12.•The specific discharge capacity of the prepared LTO is 160 mAh/g (half-cell vs Li).
ISSN:	2590-1230 2590-1230
DOI:	10.1016/j.rineng.2024.102156