Ultrasound-Guided Needle Biopsy as an Alternative to Chamberlain's Mediastinotomy and Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) in the Diagnosis of Anterior Mediastinal Neoformations: A Retrospective Analysis

Ultrasound-Guided Needle Biopsy as an Alternative to Chamberlain's Mediastinotomy and Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) in the Diagnosis of Anterior Mediastinal Neoformations: A Retrospective Analysis

(1) Background: The prompt diagnosis of anterior mediastinal lesions is a challenge due to their often being categorized as malignant tumours. Ultrasound-guided Transthoracic Core Needle Biopsy (US-TCNB) is an innovative technique that is arousing increasing interest in clinical practice. However, s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 12; no. 15; p. 5070
Main Authors: Vischia, Federico, Di Maio, Giacomo, Ferrero, Simona A I, Rolfo, Elio, Scaglione, Luca, Cristofori, Riccardo, Ruffini, Enrico, Lorenzati, Bartolomeo, Landi, Andrea, Novero, Domenico, Capello, Simona, Schivazappa, Giulia, Limerutti, Giorgio, Ferro, Arianna, Durazzo, Marilena
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-08-2023
MDPI
Subjects:
Accuracy
Biopsy
Biopsy, Needle
Clinical medicine
Costs
Diagnosis
Diagnosis, Ultrasonic
Epidemiology
Hospitals
Local anesthesia
Lymphoma
Magnetic resonance imaging
Mediastinal tumors
Methods
Patients
Thyroid gland
Tomography
Tumors
Ultrasonic imaging
Italy
United States > US
biopsy
diagnosis
mediastinal diseases
ultrasonography
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Summary:(1) Background: The prompt diagnosis of anterior mediastinal lesions is a challenge due to their often being categorized as malignant tumours. Ultrasound-guided Transthoracic Core Needle Biopsy (US-TCNB) is an innovative technique that is arousing increasing interest in clinical practice. However, studies in this area are still scarce. This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy and complication rate of US-TCNB with those of traditional surgical methods-Anterior Mediastinotomy and Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS)-in patients with anterior mediastinal lesions. (2) Methods: This retrospective study involved patients evaluated between January 2011 and December 2021 who had undergone US-TCNB at the Interdepartmental Unit of Internal and Interventional Ultrasound, Molinette Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy. Personal data, diagnostic questions, and technical information concerning the bioptic procedure, periprocedural complications and histological reports were collected. (3) Results: Eighty-three patients were included in the analysis. Histological examination was performed in 78 cases, with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 94.0% (sensitivity 94%; specificity 100%). Only in 5 patients was a diagnosis not achieved. Complications occurred in 2 patients who were quickly identified and properly treated without need of hospitalization. The accuracy of US-TCNB was comparable to the performance of the main traditional diagnostic alternatives (95.3% for anterior mediastinotomy, and 98.4% for VATS), with a much lower complication rate (2.4% vs. 3-16%). The outpatient setting offered the additional advantage of saving resources. (4) Conclusions: a US-guided needle biopsy can be considered effective and safe, and in the near future it may become the procedure of choice for diagnosing anterior mediastinal lesions in selected patients.
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ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm12155070