Detection of putative autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematous using a novel native-conformation protein microarray platform

Detection of putative autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematous using a novel native-conformation protein microarray platform

Objective Conventional immunoassays detect autoantibodies related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) via recognition of epitopes on autoantigens expressed in their denatured rather than native conformational state, casting difficulty in evaluating the genuine pathogenicity of the autoantibodies....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Lupus Vol. 29; no. 14; pp. 1948 - 1954
Main Authors: Mak, Anselm, Kow, Nien Yee, Ismail, Nur Hafiza, Anuar, Nur Diana, Rutt, Nurul H, Cho, Jiacai, Rosli, Nurul Shielawati Binti Mohamed, Dharmahidari, Bhushan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01-12-2020
Sage Publications Ltd
Subjects:
Autoantibodies
Autoantigens
Bioinformatics
Chromatin
DNA microarrays
Epitopes
Gene regulation
Lupus
NF-κB protein
Pathogenicity
Protein arrays
Protein structure
Proteins
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Transcription
Autoantibody
lupus
proteins
high-throughput
microarrays
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Summary:Objective Conventional immunoassays detect autoantibodies related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) via recognition of epitopes on autoantigens expressed in their denatured rather than native conformational state, casting difficulty in evaluating the genuine pathogenicity of the autoantibodies. We aimed to use a novel high-throughput protein microarray platform to identify autoantibodies against native autoantigens in SLE sera. Methods Sera from SLE patients and those of gender-, age-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls (HC) were screened against more than 1,600 immune-related antigens of native conformation. The relative fluorescent unit readout from post-assay imaging were subjected to bioinformatics pre-processing and composite normalization. A penetrance fold change (pFC) analysis between SLE and HC samples shortlisted 50 autoantigens that were subjected to an unsupervised cluster analysis. Correlations between the pFC of putative autoantigens and clinical parameters including SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI-2K) and recent SLE flares were explored. Results 381 autoantigens were identified when 15 SLE and 15 HC serum samples were compared. The top 20 autoantigens which elicited autoantibody responses in SLE sera filtered based on the highest pFC were further analyzed. Autoantigens which the putative autoantibodies reacted against are those involved in chromatin organization such as DEK, regulation of transcription activity including REOX4 and ELF4, and negative regulation of NFkB activity such as TRIB3. Additionally, the pFC of these autoantibodies significantly and positively correlated with SLEDAI-2K and recent SLE flares. Conclusion A high-throughput protein microarray platform allows detection and quantification of putative lupus-related autoantibodies which are of potential pathophysiological and prognostic significance in SLE patients.
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ISSN:0961-2033
1477-0962
DOI:10.1177/0961203320959696