Burden of Malaria during Pregnancy in Areas of Stable and Unstable Transmission in Ethiopia during a Nonepidemic Year

Little is known about the epidemiology of malaria during pregnancy in areas of unstable (epidemic-prone) transmission (UT) in sub-Saharan Africa. In cross-sectional studies, peripheral malaria parasitemia was identified in 10.4% of women attending antenatal care clinics at 1 stable transmission (ST)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 187; no. 11; pp. 1765 - 1772
Main Authors:	Newman, Robert D., Hailemariam, Afework, Jimma, Daddi, Degifie, Abera, Kebede, Daniel, Rietveld, Aafje E. C., Nahlen, Bernard L., Barnwell, John W., Steketee, Richard W., Parise, Monica E.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01-06-2003 University of Chicago Press Oxford University Press
Subjects:	Adolescent Adult Anemia Anemia - complications Anemia - drug therapy Animals Antimalarials - therapeutic use Biological and medical sciences Blood Disease transmission Ethiopia - epidemiology Female Fetal Death - complications Fever Hemoglobins Human protozoal diseases Humans Infant, Low Birth Weight Infant, Newborn Infections Infectious diseases Malaria Malaria, Falciparum - complications Malaria, Falciparum - drug therapy Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology Malaria, Falciparum - transmission Malaria, Vivax - complications Malaria, Vivax - drug therapy Malaria, Vivax - epidemiology Malaria, Vivax - transmission Male Medical sciences Obstetric Labor, Premature - complications Parasitemia Parasitemia - complications Parasites Parasitic diseases Placenta - parasitology Plasmodium falciparum - isolation & purification Plasmodium vivax - isolation & purification Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - drug therapy Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - epidemiology Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - parasitology Pregnancy Outcome Protozoal diseases Women Ethiopia Africa Infection Pregnancy Human Protozoal disease Malaria Transmission Female Parasitosis Parasitemia Epidemiology
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Summary:	Little is known about the epidemiology of malaria during pregnancy in areas of unstable (epidemic-prone) transmission (UT) in sub-Saharan Africa. In cross-sectional studies, peripheral malaria parasitemia was identified in 10.4% of women attending antenatal care clinics at 1 stable transmission (ST) site and in 1.8% of women at 3 UT sites; parasitemia was associated with anemia in both ST (relative risk [RR], 2.0; P<.001) and UT (RR, 4.4; P<.001) sites. Placental parasitemia was identified more frequently during deliveries at ST sites (12/185; 6.5%) than at UT sites (21/833; 2.5%; P=.006). Placental parasitemia was associated with low birth weight at the ST site (RR, 3.2; P=.01) and prematurity at ST (RR, 2.7; P=.04) and UT (RR, 3.9; P=.01) sites and with a 7-fold increased risk of stillbirths at UT sites. The effectiveness and efficiency in Ethiopia of standard preventive strategies used in high-transmission regions (such as intermittent preventive treatment) may require further evaluation; approaches such as insecticide-treated bednets and epidemic preparedness may be needed to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/HXZ-2K5SDHGK-Z istex:727E4EE24A37F8F992AE2A67F88D0C5FA74705CB ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	0022-1899 1537-6613
DOI:	10.1086/374878