A novel low shrinkage dimethacrylate monomer as an alternative to BisGMA for adhesive and resin-based composite applications

The aim of this study was to develop a mixture of dimethacrylate isomers (PG6EMA) as a potential monomer for dental adhesives and composites. PG6EMA was synthesized de novo and characterized in the presence of ethanol (3%, 6% or 9%). BisGMA/TEGDMA (BTEG, 50/50 wt.%) was used as the resin control. Co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Brazilian oral research Vol. 38; p. e097
Main Authors:	Lucena, Fernanda Sandes de, Logan, Matthew, Lewis, Steven, Deatherage, Neil, Furuse, Adilson Yoshio, Pfeifer, Carmem Silvia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Brazil Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica - SBPqO 01-01-2024 Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica
Subjects:	Analysis of Variance Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate - chemistry Composite Resins - chemistry Composite Resins - radiation effects Composites Dental Cements Dental Cements - chemistry Dental Materials DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Flexural Strength Kinetics Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives - methods Materials Testing Methacrylates - chemistry Original research/Dental Materials Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry Polymerization Polymethacrylic Acids - chemistry Reference Values Reproducibility of Results Rheology Solubility Surface Properties Time Factors Viscosity Dental Cements Composites Rheology Dental Materials
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Summary:	The aim of this study was to develop a mixture of dimethacrylate isomers (PG6EMA) as a potential monomer for dental adhesives and composites. PG6EMA was synthesized de novo and characterized in the presence of ethanol (3%, 6% or 9%). BisGMA/TEGDMA (BTEG, 50/50 wt.%) was used as the resin control. Composites were formulated with 60 wt.% of either PG6EMA or BisGMA (40 wt.% TEGDMA and 70 wt.% filler). DMPA (0.2 wt.%) and DPI-PF6 (0.4 wt.%) were added as photoinitiators, irradiated with a mercury arc lamp (320-500 nm, 500 mW/cm2; Acticure). All materials were tested for polymerization kinetics (near-infrared), viscosity (η) and storage modulus (G', oscillatory rheometry). The composites were further characterized for water sorption/solubility, wet/dry flexural strength/modulus and polymerization stress. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA/Tukey's test (α = 0.05). The PG6EMA resins showed lower rates of polymerization compared with BTEG (p = 0.001) but high degrees of conversion (p = 0.002). Solvent concentration did not affect RPMAX but the 6% and 9% mixtures showed higher final DC, likely due to reduced viscosity. PG6EMA had much higher viscosity than BTEG (p <0.001) and lower G' (p = 0.003). Composites modified with PG6EMA have slower polymerization rates (p = 0.001) but higher final DC (p = 0.04) than the control. PG6EMA/TEGDMA showed lower dry/wet flexural strength and comparable dry modulus. The PG6EMA/TEGDMA composite showed a 18.4% polymerization stress reduction compared to the BTEG composite. Both base monomers had similar WS/SL and G'. Within its limitations, this study demonstrated that the newly synthesized PG6EMA was a viable alternative to BisGMA in dental composites.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 Declaration of Interests: The authors certify that they have no commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript.
ISSN:	1806-8324 1807-3107 1807-3107
DOI:	10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0097