Photosynthetic Pigment Concentrations, Gas Exchange and Vegetative Growth for Selected Monocots and Dicots Treated with Two Contrasting Coal Fly Ashes

There is uncertainty as to the rates of coal fly ash needed for optimum physiological processes and growth. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that photosynthetic pigments concentrations and CO2 assimilation (A) are more sensitive than dry weights in plants grown on media amended with coa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of environmental quality Vol. 38; no. 4; pp. 1466 - 1472
Main Authors:	Yunusa, Isa A.M, Burchett, Margaret D, Manoharan, V, DeSilva, D. Lionel, Eamus, Derek, Skilbeck, C. Greg
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Madison American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society 01-07-2009 American Society of Agronomy
Subjects:	01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT Alfalfa BARLEY BITUMINOUS COAL Brassica napus Carbon Carbon dioxide Chlorophyll Coal Coal Ash coal fly ash Crops, Agricultural - growth & development Environmental conditions Environmental economics FLY ASH Gas exchange Germination GRAMINEAE greenhouse experimentation Hordeum vulgare LIGNITE Loam soils magnesium Medicago sativa Particulate Matter PEAS Photosynthesis Pigments Pigments, Biological - analysis Pisum sativum PLANT GROWTH plant pigments PLANTS RADISHES Raphanus sativus Salinity Secale cereale Trace elements Transpiration vegetative growth WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION waste utilization
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Summary:	There is uncertainty as to the rates of coal fly ash needed for optimum physiological processes and growth. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that photosynthetic pigments concentrations and CO2 assimilation (A) are more sensitive than dry weights in plants grown on media amended with coal fly ash. We applied the Terrestrial Plant Growth Test (Guideline 208) protocols of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to monocots [barley (Hordeum vulgare) and ryegrass (Secale cereale)] and dicots [canola (Brasica napus), radish (Raphanus sativus), field peas (Pisum sativum), and lucerne (Medicago sativa)] on media amended with fly ashes derived from semi-bituminous (gray ash) or lignite (red ash) coals at rates of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 10, or 20 Mg ha-1. The red ash had higher elemental concentrations and salinity than the gray ash. Fly ash addition had no significant effect on germination by any of the six species. At moderate rates ( 10 Mg ha-1) both ashes increased (p < 0.05) growth rates and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b, but reduced carotenoid concentrations. Addition of either ash increased A in radish and transpiration in barley. Growth rates and final dry weights were reduced for all of the six test species when addition rates exceeded 10 Mg ha-1 for gray ash and 5 Mg ha-1 for red ash. We concluded that plant dry weights, rather than pigment concentrations and/or instantaneous rates of photosynthesis, are more consistent for assessing subsequent growth in plants supplied with fly ash.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0285 All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0047-2425 1537-2537
DOI:	10.2134/jeq2008.0285