Novel gas exposure system for the controlled exposure of plants to gaseous hydrogen fluoride

Plants can serve as sensitive bioindicators of the presence of contaminant vapors in the atmosphere. This work describes a novel laboratory-based gas exposure system capable of calibrating plants as bioindicators for the detection and delineation of the atmospheric contaminant hydrogen fluoride (HF)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental monitoring and assessment Vol. 195; no. 6; p. 752
Main Authors:	DeMille, Katherine F., Emsbo-Mattingly, Stephen D., Krieger, Gary, Howard, Michael, Webster, Katie B., DaCosta, Michelle
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Cham Springer International Publishing 01-06-2023 Springer Nature B.V Springer Science + Business Media
Subjects:	Air pollution Analytical methods Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Bioindicators Cavity ringdown Chambers Contaminants Dieback Discoloration Earth and Environmental Science Ecology Ecotoxicology Emissions Environment Environmental Biomarkers Environmental Management Environmental monitoring Environmental Monitoring - methods Environmental science Exposure Fluorides Fluorides - toxicity Gases Growth conditions Hydrofluoric Acid Hydrogen Hydrogen fluoride Indicator species Irrigation systems Light intensity Luminous intensity Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Phenotypes Photoperiods Physiological effects Plant growth Plant species Plants Pollution monitoring Spectroscopy Symptoms Uptake Vapors Air monitoring Hydrogen fluoride Gas exposure system Bioindicator
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Summary:	Plants can serve as sensitive bioindicators of the presence of contaminant vapors in the atmosphere. This work describes a novel laboratory-based gas exposure system capable of calibrating plants as bioindicators for the detection and delineation of the atmospheric contaminant hydrogen fluoride (HF) as a preparatory step for monitoring release emissions. To evaluate changes in plant phenotype and stress-induced physiological effects attributed to HF alone, the gas exposure chamber must have additional controls to simulate otherwise optimal plant growth conditions including variables such as light intensity, photoperiod, temperature, and irrigation. The exposure system was designed to maintain constant growth conditions during a series of independent experiments that varied between optimal (control) and stressful (HF exposure) conditions. The system was also designed to ensure the safe handling and application of HF. An initial system calibration introduced HF gas into the exposure chamber and monitored HF concentrations by cavity ring-down spectroscopy for a 48-h period. Stable concentrations inside the exposure chamber were observed after approximately 15 h, and losses of HF to the system ranged from 88 to 91%. A model plant species ( Festuca arundinacea ) was then exposed to HF for 48 h. Visual phenotype stress-induced responses aligned with symptoms reported in the literature for fluoride exposure (tip dieback and discoloration along the dieback transition margin). Fluoride concentrations in exposed tissues compared to control tissues confirmed enhanced fluoride uptake due to HF exposure. The system described herein can be applied to other reactive atmospheric pollutants of interest in support of bioindicator research.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 NA0003624 USDOE
ISSN:	0167-6369 1573-2959
DOI:	10.1007/s10661-023-11382-8