Search Results - "DeFries, Ruth"

Ecosystem management as a wicked problem by DeFries, Ruth, Nagendra, Harini

“…Ecosystems are self-regulating systems that provide societies with food, water, timber, and other resources. As demands for resources increase, management…”
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Deforestation driven by urban population growth and agricultural trade in the twenty-first century by Hansen, Matthew, Uriarte, Maria, DeFries, Ruth S, Rudel, Thomas

“…Reducing atmospheric carbon emissions from tropical deforestation is at present considered a cost-effective option for mitigating climate change. However, the…”
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Is voluntary certification of tropical agricultural commodities achieving sustainability goals for small-scale producers? A review of the evidence by DeFries, Ruth S, Fanzo, Jessica, Mondal, Pinki, Remans, Roseline, Wood, Stephen A

“…Over the last several decades, voluntary certification programs have become a key approach to promote sustainable supply chains for agricultural commodities…”
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Understanding the causes and consequences of differential decision-making in adaptation research: Adapting to a delayed monsoon onset in Gujarat, India by Jain, Meha, Naeem, Shahid, Orlove, Ben, Modi, Vijay, DeFries, Ruth S.

“…•We develop a framework to examine decision-making in response to weather variability.•We use the framework to examine how farmers respond to late monsoon…”
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Diagnosing spatial biases and uncertainties in global fire emissions inventories: Indonesia as regional case study by Liu, Tianjia, Mickley, Loretta J., Marlier, Miriam E., DeFries, Ruth S., Khan, Md Firoz, Latif, Mohd Talib, Karambelas, Alexandra

“…Models of atmospheric composition rely on fire emissions inventories to reconstruct and project impacts of biomass burning on air quality, public health,…”
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Quantifying the influence of agricultural fires in northwest India on urban air pollution in Delhi, India by Cusworth, Daniel H, Mickley, Loretta J, Sulprizio, Melissa P, Liu, Tianjia, Marlier, Miriam E, DeFries, Ruth S, Guttikunda, Sarath K, Gupta, Pawan

“…Since at least the 1980s, many farmers in northwest India have switched to mechanized combine harvesting to boost efficiency. This harvesting technique leaves…”
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Decoupling of deforestation and soy production in the southern Amazon during the late 2000s by Macedo, Marcia N, DeFries, Ruth S, Morton, Douglas C, Stickler, Claudia M, Galford, Gillian L, Shimabukuro, Yosio E

“…From 2006 to 2010, deforestation in the Amazon frontier state of Mato Grosso decreased to 30% of its historical average (1996–2005) whereas agricultural…”
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Estimated Global Mortality Attributable to Smoke from Landscape Fires by Johnston, Fay H., Henderson, Sarah B., Chen, Yang, Randerson, James T., Marlier, Miriam, DeFries, Ruth S., Kinney, Patrick, Bowman, David M.J.S., Brauer, Michael

“…Background: Forest, grassland peat fires release approximately 2 petagrams of carbon into the atmosphere each year, influencing weather, climate, and air…”
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Smallholder farmer cropping decisions related to climate variability across multiple regions by Wood, Stephen A., Jina, Amir S., Jain, Meha, Kristjanson, Patti, DeFries, Ruth S.

“…•We use a quantitative 12-country data set to compare factors affecting farm change.•Weather information is an important predictor of change across multiple…”
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Mapping cropping intensity of smallholder farms: A comparison of methods using multiple sensors by Jain, Meha, Mondal, Pinki, DeFries, Ruth S., Small, Christopher, Galford, Gillian L.

“…The food security of smallholder farmers is vulnerable to climate change and climate variability. Cropping intensity, the number of crops planted annually, can…”
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Public health impacts of the severe haze in Equatorial Asia in September-October 2015: demonstration of a new framework for informing fire management strategies to reduce downwind smoke exposure by Koplitz, Shannon N, Mickley, Loretta J, Marlier, Miriam E, Buonocore, Jonathan J, Kim, Patrick S, Liu, Tianjia, Sulprizio, Melissa P, DeFries, Ruth S, Jacob, Daniel J, Schwartz, Joel, Pongsiri, Montira, Myers, Samuel S

“…In September-October 2015, El Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipole conditions set the stage for massive fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo),…”
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Social and ecological outcomes of tropical dry forest restoration through invasive species removal in central India by Choksi, Pooja, Kotian, Mayuri, Burivalova, Zuzana, DeFries, Ruth

“…•Invasive plants are a major cause of tropical dry forest (TDF) degradation.•Novel ecosystems restoration is complex with varied social-ecological…”
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Annual multi-resolution detection of land cover conversion to oil palm in the Peruvian Amazon by Gutiérrez-Vélez, Víctor Hugo, DeFries, Ruth

“…Oil palm expansion is a major threat to forest conservation in the tropics. Oil palm can also be a sustainable economic alternative if incentives for expansion…”
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El Niño and health risks from landscape fire emissions in southeast Asia by Marlier, Miriam E., DeFries, Ruth S., Voulgarakis, Apostolos, Kinney, Patrick L., Randerson, James T., Shindell, Drew T., Chen, Yang, Faluvegi, Greg

“…Emissions from landscape fires affect both climate and air quality. This study uses satellite-derived fire estimates and atmospheric modelling to quantify the…”
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Science for managing ecosystem services: Beyond the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment by Carpenter, Stephen R, Mooney, Harold A, Agard, John, Capistrano, Doris, DeFries, Ruth S, Díaz, Sandra, Dietz, Thomas, Duraiappah, Anantha K, Oteng-Yeboah, Alfred, Pereira, Henrique Miguel, Perrings, Charles, Reid, Walter V, Sarukhan, José, Scholes, Robert J, Whyte, Anne

“…The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) introduced a new framework for analyzing social-ecological systems that has had wide influence in the policy and…”
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Natural climate solutions are not enough by Anderson, Christa M, DeFries, Ruth S, Litterman, Robert, Matson, Pamela A, Nepstad, Daniel C, Pacala, Stephen, Schlesinger, William H, Shaw, M Rebecca, Smith, Pete, Weber, Christopher, Field, Christopher B

“…Decarbonizing the economy must remain a critical priority Stabilizing Earth's climate and limiting temperature increase to well below 2°C per the Paris…”
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Groundwater depletion will reduce cropping intensity in India by Jain, Meha, Fishman, Ram, Mondal, Pinki, Galford, Gillian L, Bhattarai, Nishan, Naeem, Shahid, Lall, Upmanu, Balwinder-Singh, DeFries, Ruth S

“…Groundwater depletion is becoming a global threat to food security, yet the ultimate impacts of depletion on agricultural production and the efficacy of…”
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Food security and livelihoods of post-resettlement households around Kanha National Park by Neelakantan, Amrita, DeFries, Ruth, Fanzo, Jessica

“…Globally, conservation efforts have moved millions of people out of protected areas since the 1970s, yet quantitative studies on post-resettlement well-being…”
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Sensitivity of grain yields to historical climate variability in India by Davis, Kyle Frankel, Chhatre, Ashwini, Rao, Narasimha D, Singh, Deepti, DeFries, Ruth

“…Fluctuations in temperature and precipitation influence crop productivity across the planet. With episodes of extreme climate becoming increasingly frequent,…”
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Changing Drivers of Deforestation and New Opportunities for Conservation by RUDEL, THOMAS K, DEFRIES, RUTH, ASNER, GREGORY P, LAURANCE, WILLIAM F

“…Over the past 50 years, human agents of deforestation have changed in ways that have potentially important implications for conservation efforts. We…”
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