Fatal Interstitial Pneumonia Associated with Bovine Coronavirus in Cows from Southern Italy

An outbreak of winter dysentery, complicated by severe respiratory syndrome, occurred in January 2020 in a high production dairy cow herd located in a hilly area of the Calabria region. Of the 52 animals belonging to the farm, 5 (9.6%) died with severe respiratory distress, death occurring 3-4 days...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Viruses Vol. 12; no. 11; p. 1331
Main Authors:	Amoroso, Maria Grazia, Lucifora, Giuseppe, Degli Uberti, Barbara, Serra, Francesco, De Luca, Giovanna, Borriello, Giorgia, De Domenico, Alessandro, Brandi, Sergio, Cuomo, Maria Concetta, Bove, Francesca, Riccardi, Marita Georgia, Galiero, Giorgio, Fusco, Giovanna
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 19-11-2020 MDPI
Subjects:	Acids Animal lactation Animals bovine coronavirus Cattle Cattle Diseases - mortality Cattle Diseases - virology Coronavirus Infections - mortality Coronavirus Infections - veterinary Coronavirus, Bovine - genetics Coronavirus, Bovine - pathogenicity Coronaviruses Dairy cattle Diarrhea Diarrhea - virology Disease Disease Outbreaks Dysentery Epidemics Feces - virology Female interstitial pneumonia Italy - epidemiology Jejunum Lung Diseases, Interstitial - mortality Lung Diseases, Interstitial - veterinary Lung Diseases, Interstitial - virology Lymph nodes Milk production Mutation Pathogens phylogenetic analysis Phylogeny Placenta Polymerase chain reaction real time PCR Respiratory diseases Respiratory Tract Infections - mortality Respiratory Tract Infections - virology Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA polymerase RNA, Viral - genetics Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - mortality Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - veterinary Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - virology Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Small intestine Viruses Italy United States > US Germany real time PCR phylogenetic analysis bovine coronavirus interstitial pneumonia
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Summary:	An outbreak of winter dysentery, complicated by severe respiratory syndrome, occurred in January 2020 in a high production dairy cow herd located in a hilly area of the Calabria region. Of the 52 animals belonging to the farm, 5 (9.6%) died with severe respiratory distress, death occurring 3-4 days after the appearance of the respiratory signs (caught and gasping breath). Microbiological analysis revealed absence of pathogenic bacteria whilst Real-time PCR identified the presence of RNA from Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) in several organs: lungs, small intestine (jejunum), mediastinal lymph nodes, liver and placenta. BCoV was therefore hypothesized to play a role in the lethal pulmonary infection. Like the other CoVs, BCoV is able to cause different syndromes. Its role in calf diarrhea and in mild respiratory disease is well known: we report instead the involvement of this virus in a severe and fatal respiratory disorder, with symptoms and disease evolution resembling those of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromes (SARS).
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 The two authors equally contributed to the paper.
ISSN:	1999-4915 1999-4915
DOI:	10.3390/v12111331