Psychosocial Factors Linked to Uncontrolled Infection and Mortality among People Living with HIV Who Use Substances: A Latent Class Analysis

To determine whether endorsement patterns of psychosocial symptoms revealed distinct subgroups, or latent classes, of people living with HIV who use substances (PLWH-SU), and to assess whether these classes demonstrated differential health outcomes over time. This study uses data from 801 PLWH-SU in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	AIDS and behavior Vol. 28; no. 11; pp. 3748 - 3757
Main Authors:	Schmidt, Renae D., Horigian, Viviana E., Duan, Rui, Traynor, Sharleen T., Davis, Carly A., Gonzalez, Sophia T., Forney, Derrick J., Mandler, Raul, Del Rio, Carlos, Metsch, Lisa R., Feaster, Daniel J.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 01-11-2024 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Adult Female Health Psychology HIV HIV Infections - drug therapy HIV Infections - mortality HIV Infections - psychology Hospitals Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Infectious Diseases Latent Class Analysis Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mental health services Middle Aged Mortality Original Paper Psychosocial factors Public Health Regression analysis Regression models Subgroups Substance abuse Substance use Substance-Related Disorders - psychology Survival Survival analysis Symptoms United States - epidemiology Viral Load United States Substance use disorder HIV Co-occurring conditions Mental health
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Summary:	To determine whether endorsement patterns of psychosocial symptoms revealed distinct subgroups, or latent classes, of people living with HIV who use substances (PLWH-SU), and to assess whether these classes demonstrated differential health outcomes over time. This study uses data from 801 PLWH-SU initially enrolled across 11 US hospitals during 2012–2014 and followed up in 2017. Latent class analysis included 28 psychosocial items. Regression analysis examined class membership as a predictor of viral suppression. Survival analysis examined class as a predictor of all-cause mortality. The selected model identified five unique classes. Individuals in classes characterized by more severe and more numerous psychosocial symptoms at baseline had lower likelihoods of viral suppression and survival. The study demonstrated the importance of considering patterns of overlapping psychosocial symptoms to identify subgroups of PLWH-SU and reveal their risks for adverse outcomes. Integration of primary, mental health, and substance use care is essential to address the needs of this population.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1090-7165 1573-3254 1573-3254
DOI:	10.1007/s10461-024-04410-2