Midterm follow-up of healthy young adults with moderate to severe COVID-19: pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease sequelae

Background Follow-up studies on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) were mainly focused on short-term sequelae in patients with comorbid diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the pulmonary and extrapulmonary sequelae of moderate to severe COVID-19 in the midterm follow-up of healthy youn...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 35 - 10
Main Authors:	Shafiabadi Hassani, Neda, MozafaryBazargany, Mohammadhossein, Zohrian, Fatemeh, Dashtiani, Esmail, Alan, Mahnaz Seifi, Rahimi, Fariba, Kamipoor, Zeinab, Niksima, Mohammad Mahdi, Zakani, Akram, Dehghan Manshadi, Seyede Hanieh, Karim, Hosein, Khodaparast, Zeinab, Dorri, Mahya, Safari, Anis, Kerayechian, MohammadRasoul, Bamrafie, Arya, Rastad, Hadith
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 18-07-2023 Springer Nature B.V SpringerOpen
Subjects:	Body mass index COVID-19 Critical Care Medicine Fatigue Follow-up Hospitals Intensive Intensive care Kinases Laboratories Length of stay Lung CT scan Medical imaging Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mental disorders Mental health Nervous system Patients Pneumology/Respiratory System Population Post traumatic stress disorder Questionnaires Sequelae Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Tissue doppler imaging echocardiography Tomography Ventilators Young adults COVID-19 Sequelae Tissue doppler imaging echocardiography Lung CT scan Follow-up
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Summary:	Background Follow-up studies on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) were mainly focused on short-term sequelae in patients with comorbid diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the pulmonary and extrapulmonary sequelae of moderate to severe COVID-19 in the midterm follow-up of healthy young adults. Methods In this prospective cohort study, we used the hospital information system (HIS) to identify patients who had recovered from moderate to severe COVID-19 without comorbidity. All eligible patients were invited to participate in the study. Participants were asked to fill out a set of questionnaires to evaluate fatigue, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They also underwent chest computed tomography (CT) scan, pulmonary function test (PFT), and tissue doppler imaging (TDI) echocardiography. A blood sample and a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) were obtained. Results A total of 50 recovered patients and 12 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Fifteen out of 50 patients received intensive care. Patients had significantly higher fatigue and anxiety scores than controls. PTSD criteria were met in 29 out of 50 patients. Ground glass opacities, nodules, and subpleural lines were the most frequent abnormalities in chest CT scans of patients. Patients had significantly lower left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) than controls ( P value 0.019 and < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions According to our findings, COVID-19 survivors might experience anxiety, fatigue, PTSD, pulmonary impairment, leading to reduced cardiac function up to 6 months after discharge.
ISSN:	2314-8551 1687-8426 2314-8551
DOI:	10.1186/s43168-023-00207-4