Bone Mineral Density Patterns in Vitamin D Deficient African American Men With Sickle Cell Disease

Abstract Objective To describe bone mineral density (BMD) patterns by densitometry in adult African American (AA) men with sickle cell disease (SCD) who are vitamin D deficient (Vit DD). Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria: All SCD phenotypes were eligible. Those with chronic renal failure or hyperparathyr...

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Published in:	The American journal of the medical sciences Vol. 347; no. 4; pp. 262 - 266
Main Authors:	Adams-Graves, Patricia, MD, Daniels, Alden B, Womack, Catherine R., MD, Freire, Amado X., MD, MPH
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Elsevier Inc 01-04-2014 Copyright by the Southern Society for Clinical Investigation
Subjects:	Absorptiometry, Photon Adult African Americans Anemia, Sickle Cell - complications Anemia, Sickle Cell - metabolism Bone Density Bone Diseases, Metabolic - complications Bone Diseases, Metabolic - epidemiology Bone Diseases, Metabolic - metabolism Bone mineral density Densitometry Humans Internal Medicine Male Middle Aged Osteopenia Osteoporosis Osteoporosis - complications Osteoporosis - epidemiology Osteoporosis - metabolism Prevalence Retrospective Studies Sickle cell disease Tennessee - epidemiology Vitamin D Vitamin D Deficiency - complications Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology Vitamin D Deficiency - metabolism Young Adult Tennessee Osteoporosis Bone mineral density Densitometry Vitamin D Sickle cell disease Osteopenia
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Summary:	Abstract Objective To describe bone mineral density (BMD) patterns by densitometry in adult African American (AA) men with sickle cell disease (SCD) who are vitamin D deficient (Vit DD). Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria: All SCD phenotypes were eligible. Those with chronic renal failure or hyperparathyroidism were excluded. Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria All SCD phenotypes were eligible. Those with chronic renal failure or hyperparathyroidism were excluded. Data Collection Demographics, body mass index and SCD genotype. Laboratory Albumin, ferritin, calcium, phosphorus, 25-hydroxy vitamin D and intact–parathyroid hormone were obtained. BMD, T and Z scores: T scores at the lumbar spine were used to categorize normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis based on World Health organization criteria. Statistical Analyses Mean ± standard deviation was used to describe continuous data, whereas categorical data were described by counts and percentages. The χ2 test was used to analyze categorical variables; Student's t test or one-way analysis of variance, when appropriate, was used to compare continuous variables. Rates of osteopenia-osteoporosis were determined, and the parameter with 95% confidence interval (CI) of a proportion was constructed. All tests were 2-sided, and a P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We used StatView Version 5.01 (SAS institute Inc, Cary, NC) for the statistical analysis. Results Seventy-eight AA men with SCD disease and Vit DD were enrolled in this study. We found that 42% of the men studied had low-BMD (osteopenia or osteoporosis) using T scores at the lumbar spine to establish densitometry strata. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 14%. Conclusions A large proportion of adult AA men with SCD and Vit DD showed low BMD.
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ISSN:	0002-9629 1538-2990
DOI:	10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3182893377