Correlating COVID-19 severity with biomarker profiles and patient prognosis

COVID-19's long-lasting and complex impacts have become a global concern, with diverse clinical outcomes. This study evaluated 226 participants to understand the clinical spectrum of COVID-19/Long COVID (LC), exploring how disease severity correlates with sociodemographic factors and biomarkers...

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Published in:	Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 22353 - 14
Main Authors:	Danielle, R. C. S., Débora, D. M., Alessandra, N. L. P., Alexia, S. S. Z., Débora, M. C. R., Elizabel, N. V., Felipe, A. M., Giulia, M. G., Henrique, P. R., Karen, R. M. B., Layane, S. B., Leandro, A. B., Livia, C. M., Raquel, S. R. T., Lorena, S. C. A., Lyvia, N. R. A., Mariana, T. R., Matheus, C. C., Vinícius, D. P. V., Yasmin, M. G., Iúri, D. L.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 27-09-2024 Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio
Subjects:	631/250/127 631/250/2500 631/250/2501 631/250/254 631/250/255 631/250/256 631/250/98 631/61/24 692/420/254 692/420/2780 692/499 692/53 692/700/478 692/700/784 Adult Aged Arthralgia Biomarkers Biomarkers - blood Cardiovascular diseases Cell activation Chronic pain Coagulation factors Complications COVID-19 COVID-19 - blood Diabetes mellitus Dyspnea Endothelial cells Factor VIII - analysis Factor VIII - metabolism Female Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products - analysis Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products - metabolism Genetics Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Interleukin 6 Long COVID Lung diseases Male Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase Middle Aged multidisciplinary Myalgia Phlebitis Physical activity Post-COVID-19 Prognosis Respiration SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification Science Science (multidisciplinary) Severity Severity of Illness Index Von Willebrand factor von Willebrand Factor - analysis von Willebrand Factor - metabolism Genetics SARS-CoV-2 Severity Long COVID Post-COVID-19
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Summary:	COVID-19's long-lasting and complex impacts have become a global concern, with diverse clinical outcomes. This study evaluated 226 participants to understand the clinical spectrum of COVID-19/Long COVID (LC), exploring how disease severity correlates with sociodemographic factors and biomarkers. Determinants related to COVID-19 severity included age (P < 0.001), lower education (P < 0.001), ethnicity (P = 0.003), overweight (P < 0.001), MTHFR gene rs1801133 (P = 0.035), cardiovascular diseases (P = 0.002), diabetes mellitus (DM) (P = 0.006), Factor VIII (FVIII) (P = 0.046), von Willebrand factor (VWF) (P = 0.002), and dimer D (DD) (P < 0.001). Six months later, in a portion of the monitored participants, a significant reduction in FVIII (P < 0.001), VWF (P = 0.002), and DD (P < 0.001) levels was observed, with only DD returning to normal values. Different systemic sequelae were identified, with higher incidences of joint pain and myalgia in participants with a clinical history of DM, chronic lung disease (CLD) and sustained high interleukin 6 values in the convalescent phase. CLD, COVID-19 severity and high DD levels increased the risk of developing dyspnea and palpitations. Women were more likely to develop lower limb phlebitis long-term, while sustained elevated FVIII in the convalescent phase was associated with an increased risk of swelling. Regular physical activity had a protective effect against swelling. This study highlights factors contributing to COVID-19 severity/LC, emphasizing endothelial cell activation as a potential mechanism.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2045-2322 2045-2322
DOI:	10.1038/s41598-024-71951-w