Utilizing intramammary Melaleuca alternifolia as an organic internal sealant for dry-off therapy in Murrah buffaloes

The effects of intramammary dry cow therapy based on the administration of 5% Melaleuca alternifolia tea tree essential oil (TTO) as an internal teat sealant to Murrah cows were evaluated. A longitudinal prospective and retrospective negative control study was performed using 12 buffaloes from a tot...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Tropical animal health and production Vol. 55; no. 6; p. 381
Main Authors:	de Oliveira, Bruno I. C., Martinez, José L., de Souza, Francinea A. F., Weber, Saulo H., Rosa, Edvaldo A. R., Birgel, Eduardo H., Daniel Ollhoff, R.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-12-2023 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Biomedical and Life Sciences Bubalus bubalis Buffalo Buffaloes California mastitis test Cattle Cattle Diseases - drug therapy Cell Count - veterinary Dairy Science and Health in the Tropics E coli Escherichia coli Essential oils Female In vivo methods and tests Inflammation Laboratory tests Lactation Life Sciences Mammary Glands, Animal - microbiology Mastitis Mastitis, Bovine - microbiology Melaleuca Melaleuca alternifolia Milk Milk - microbiology Minimum inhibitory concentration Organic farming Prospective Studies Regular Articles Retrospective Studies Sealants Sealing compounds Staphylococcus aureus Strains (organisms) Sustainable agriculture Teat dips Teats Thermography Udder Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasound Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science Zoology Essential oil Phytotherapy Teat; Udder health Buffalo
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Summary:	The effects of intramammary dry cow therapy based on the administration of 5% Melaleuca alternifolia tea tree essential oil (TTO) as an internal teat sealant to Murrah cows were evaluated. A longitudinal prospective and retrospective negative control study was performed using 12 buffaloes from a total of 20 Murrah buffaloes on an organic farm, with the cow used as a control for herself. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for treatments with pure oil (TTO) and medication containing 5% TTO (O5) were determined. The buffaloes were clinically examined, and the teats were evaluated using thermography and ultrasound. Udder health was monitored during the first 100 days in milk (DIM) using milk somatic cell count (SCC) and California mastitis test (CMT). Laboratory tests against standard strains Staphylococcus aureus ATCC®25,923™ , Escherichia coli ATCC®25,922™, and wild bacterial strains showed maximum MIC values of 50 µL/mL for the TTO and O5 treatments. One wild-type S. aureus strain showed no MBC. No adverse effects were observed after the intramammary application of TTO. The CMT and SCC values were similar ( P > 0.05) for all observations. The medication containing 5% TTO was effective in vitro and compatible with the intramammary tissue in vivo of Murrah buffaloes. TTO was safe, not inducing inflammatory processes or other modifications of the teat detectable by thermography or ultrasound. It was able to protect buffaloes during the dry period under field conditions, demonstrating potential use as a teat sealant for organic farms.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0049-4747 1573-7438
DOI:	10.1007/s11250-023-03797-9