Toxicity and genotoxicity evaluation of Passiflora alata Curtis (Passifloraceae)

An Passiflora alata aerial parts extract (2.4% total flavonoids) induces DNA damage assessed by comet assay in mice peripheral blood leukocytes. Passiflora alata is an official species of Brazilian Pharmacopoeia and its aerial parts are used as medicinal plant by local population as well as constitu...

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Published in:	Journal of ethnopharmacology Vol. 128; no. 2; pp. 526 - 532
Main Authors:	Boeira, Jane M., Fenner, Raquel, Betti, Andresa H., Provensi, Gustavo, Lacerda, Luciana de A., Barbosa, Patrícia R., González, Félix H.D., Corrêa, André M.R., Driemeier, David, Dall’Alba, Marília P., Pedroso, Annelise P., Gosmann, Grace, da Silva, Juliana, Rates, Stela M.K.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 24-03-2010 Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier Elsevier
Subjects:	acute toxicity adverse effects animal behavior animal models Animals Biological and medical sciences biomarkers bone marrow Bone Marrow Cells - drug effects Brazil Comet Assay DNA Damage dosage dose response Flavonoids - pharmacology Flavonoids - toxicity General pharmacology Genotoxicity hematology histopathology Hypnotics and Sedatives - pharmacology Hypnotics and Sedatives - toxicity leukocytes Male Medical sciences medicinal plants medicinal properties Mice Mice, Inbred Strains Micronucleus Tests mortality Passiflora Passiflora - toxicity Passiflora alata Passifloraceae Passifloraceae - toxicity Pharmacognosy. Homeopathy. Health food Pharmacology. Drug treatments Plants, Medicinal - toxicity Rats Rats, Wistar signs and symptoms (animals and humans) subacute toxicity Toxicity traditional medicine urine Water - pharmacology Brazil Passiflora Passiflora alata Toxicity Genotoxicity Evaluation Passifloraceae Pharmacognosy Medicinal plant Dicotyledones DNA Angiospermae Plant origin Spermatophyta
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Summary:	An Passiflora alata aerial parts extract (2.4% total flavonoids) induces DNA damage assessed by comet assay in mice peripheral blood leukocytes. Passiflora alata is an official species of Brazilian Pharmacopoeia and its aerial parts are used as medicinal plant by local population as well as constitutes many phytomedicines commercialized in Brazil as sedative. To evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity and genotoxicity of an aqueous spray-dried extract (PA) of Passiflora alata (2.6% flavonoids). The acute and the sub-acute toxicity was evaluated in mice and rats, respectively. Behavioural, biochemical, hematological, histological and urine parameters were considered. Genotoxicity was assessed by using micronucleus test performed in peripheral blood and bone marrow cells and comet assay in peripheral blood leukocytes. Mice deaths were not observed up to 4800 mg/kg, p.o., single dose. Rats treated with aqueous extract at dose of 300 mg/kg, p.o., for 14 days did not present biochemical, hematological or histopathological significant alterations when compared to control group. However, these rats showed signs of irritability and did not show weight gain. In addition, mice acutely treated with extract 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg, p.o., presented DNA damage determined by comet assay in peripheral blood cells 3 h after treatment. The effect of lower doses (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated at 3, 6 and 24 h after treating. Only PA 50 mg/kg ( p.o.) induced significant damage at 3 and 6 h. The maximum damage induction was observed at 6 h. When the animals received PA 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg/day during 3 days (i.e., 72 h treatment) DNA damage (comet and micronucleus tests) increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion Passiflora alata presented genotoxic effect and deserves further toxicity evaluation in order to guarantee its safety for human use.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.037 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0378-8741 1872-7573
DOI:	10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.037