The involvement of mast cells and mast cell proteinases in the intestinal response to equine cyathostomin infection

Cyathostomins (Cyathostominae) are regarded as the most pathogenic equine nematode worldwide. These nematodes are difficult to control in equine populations due to emerging anthelmintic resistance and evasion of encysted larval cyathostomins to regular modern anthelmintics. Mast cells and their prot...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology Vol. 115; no. 1; pp. 35 - 42
Main Authors:	du Toit, Nicole, McGorum, Bruce C., Pemberton, Alan D., Brown, Jeremy, Dacre, Kirstie J.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15-01-2007
Subjects:	Animals Cell Count Chymases - analysis Chymases - physiology Cyathostominae Cytokines - physiology Equine mast cell proteinase-1 Equine tryptase Horses Immunohistochemistry Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - immunology Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary Mast cells Mast Cells - enzymology Mast Cells - physiology Nematoda Strongyle Infections, Equine - immunology Immunohistochemistry Equine mast cell proteinase-1 Cyathostominae Mast cells Equine tryptase
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Summary:	Cyathostomins (Cyathostominae) are regarded as the most pathogenic equine nematode worldwide. These nematodes are difficult to control in equine populations due to emerging anthelmintic resistance and evasion of encysted larval cyathostomins to regular modern anthelmintics. Mast cells and their proteinases have been shown to play a role in the mammalian immune response to nematode infections. Involvement of mast cells and mast cell proteinases in the equine immune response to cyathostomin infection is proposed. A technique was established to perform immunohistochemical staining using polyclonal rabbit anti-equine mast cell proteinase-1 (eqMCP-1) and anti-equine tryptase on formalin-fixed large intestinal sections, from horses classified as cyathostomin positive and negative at the time of death based upon larval enumeration. Quantitative analysis of antibody labelled mast cells was used to detect mast cell proteinases in equine large intestinal sections positive and negative for cyathostomin larvae. This demonstrated an increase in equine tryptase labelled mucosal and submucosal mast cells in cyathostomin positive horses. This study has established an immunohistochemical technique to demonstrate mast cell proteinases in formalin-fixed large intestinal sections. This technique may be used to determine possible involvement of mast cells and their proteinases in the equine immune response to cyathostomin larvae. Further studies are required to define a specific role.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0165-2427 1873-2534 1365-2567
DOI:	10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.10.015