Reliability and Feasibility of Extended Field of View Ultrasound Imaging Techniques for Measuring the Limb Muscle Cross-Sectional Area

Panoramic ultrasound imaging (pUSI) is an extended field of view (FOV) imaging technique that enables visualization of larger muscles; however, it is not available in all ultrasound systems. Using an acoustic standoff pad that is compatible with any ultrasound system may be an alternative method to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physiotherapy Canada Vol. 72; no. 2; pp. 149 - 157
Main Authors: Kwan, Lowell, Nishihara, Kanako, Cheung, Aaron, D'Amico, Claire, Hart, Alex, Keshwani, Nadia, Mathur, Sunita
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Canada University of Toronto Press 01-01-2020
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Summary:Panoramic ultrasound imaging (pUSI) is an extended field of view (FOV) imaging technique that enables visualization of larger muscles; however, it is not available in all ultrasound systems. Using an acoustic standoff pad that is compatible with any ultrasound system may be an alternative method to increase FOV, but it has not been used to evaluate limb muscles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and feasibility of using pUSI and an acoustic standoff pad to measure the limb muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA). A cross-sectional study was conducted. Using pUSI and an acoustic standoff pad, we obtained B-mode ultrasound images of the rectus femoris, biceps brachii, and lateral gastrocnemius muscles of 26 healthy participants on two occasions 7-10 days apart. The agreement between the two methods was determined using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots. Test-retest reliability was assessed using ICCs and standard error of measurement (SEM). The feasibility of acquiring and analyzing the images was evaluated using a Likert scale. The acoustic standoff pad and pUSI demonstrated strong agreement (ICC  > 0.85); however, the mCSAs were different (  < 0.05). Test-retest reliability for each technique was high for all muscles (ICC  > 0.85; SEM = 0.6-1.5 cm ). Image acquisition was highly feasible, but there were some limitations in analyzing the images. pUSI and an acoustic standoff pad are two reliable techniques for measuring mCSA, but the measurements are not directly comparable. Future studies should evaluate the accuracy of the acoustic standoff pad compared with gold-standard methods.
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Competing Interests: None declared.
Acknowledgements: This project was completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science in Physical Therapy degree at the University of Toronto.
Contributors: All authors designed the study; or collected, analyzed, or interpreted the data; and drafted or critically revised the article and approved the final draft.
ISSN:0300-0508
1708-8313
DOI:10.3138/ptc-2018-0105