Molecular basis of resistance to organophosphate insecticides in the New World screw-worm fly

The emergence of insecticide resistance is a fast-paced example of the evolutionary process of natural selection. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis of resistance in the myiasis-causing fly Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) to dimethyl-organophosphate (OP) insecticides...

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Published in:	Parasites & vectors Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 1 - 562
Main Authors:	Tandonnet, Sophie, Cardoso, Gisele Antoniazzi, Mariano-Martins, Pedro, Monfardini, Raquel Dietsche, Cunha, Vanessa A. S, de Carvalho, Renato Assis, Torres, Tatiana Teixeira
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London BioMed Central Ltd 10-11-2020 BioMed Central BMC
Subjects:	Animal cuticle Aversion Cattle industry Cochliomyia hominivorax Condition-specific polymorphisms Control Cytochrome Cytochromes Deoxyribonucleic acid Diptera DNA Endopeptidases Esterase Esterase E3 Esterases Females Food aversion Food contamination Gene expression Gene sequencing Genes Genetic aspects Genomes Genotype & phenotype Genotypes Identification and classification Insecticide resistance Insecticides Laboratories Larvae Metabolism Mutation Myiasis Natural selection Nucleic acids Olfaction Olfactory perception Organophosphate pesticides Organophosphates Pest control Pesticide resistance Pesticides Population Proteolysis Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA-seq Serine Survival Brazil United States > US Massachusetts
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Summary:	The emergence of insecticide resistance is a fast-paced example of the evolutionary process of natural selection. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis of resistance in the myiasis-causing fly Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) to dimethyl-organophosphate (OP) insecticides. By sequencing the RNA from surviving larvae treated with dimethyl-OP (resistant condition) and non-treated larvae (control condition), we identified genes displaying condition-specific polymorphisms, as well as those differentially expressed. Both analyses revealed that resistant individuals have altered expression and allele-specific expression of genes involved in proteolysis (specifically serine-endopeptidase), olfactory perception and cuticle metabolism, among others. We also confirmed that resistant individuals carry almost invariably the Trp251Ser mutation in the esterase E3, known to confer OP and Pyrethroid resistance. Interestingly, genes involved in metabolic and detoxifying processes (notably cytochrome P450s) were found under-expressed in resistant individuals. An exception to this were esterases, which were found up-regulated. These observations suggest that reduced penetration and aversion to dimethyl-OP contaminated food may be important complementary strategies of resistant individuals. The specific genes and processes found are an important starting point for future functional studies. Their role in insecticide resistance merits consideration to better the current pest management strategies.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1756-3305 1756-3305
DOI:	10.1186/s13071-020-04433-3