Radar for Europa Assessment and Sounding: Ocean to Near-Surface (REASON)

The Radar for Europa Assessment and Sounding: Ocean to Near-surface (REASON) is a dual-frequency ice-penetrating radar (9 and 60 MHz) onboard the Europa Clipper mission. REASON is designed to probe Europa from exosphere to subsurface ocean, contributing the third dimension to observations of this en...

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Published in:	Space science reviews Vol. 220; no. 5; p. 51
Main Authors:	Blankenship, Donald D., Moussessian, Alina, Chapin, Elaine, Young, Duncan A., Wesley Patterson, G., Plaut, Jeffrey J., Freedman, Adam P., Schroeder, Dustin M., Steinbrügge, Gregor, Soderlund, Krista M., Ray, Trina, Richter, Thomas G., Jones-Wilson, Laura, Wolfenbarger, Natalie S., Scanlan, Kirk M., Gerekos, Christopher, Chan, Kristian, Seker, Ilgin, Haynes, Mark S., Barr Mlinar, Amy C., Bruzzone, Lorenzo, Campbell, Bruce A., Carter, Lynn M., Elachi, Charles, Gim, Yonggyu, Hussmann, Hauke, Kofman, Wlodek, Kurth, William S., McKinnon, William B., Moore, Jeffrey M., Nimmo, Francis, Paty, Carol, Plettemeier, Dirk, Schmidt, Britney E., Zolotov, Mikhail Y., Schenk, Paul M., Collins, Simon, Figueroa, Harry, Fischman, Mark, Tardiff, Eric, Paller, Mimi, Kurum, Andy, Sadowy, Gregory A., Wheeler, Kevin B., Decrossas, Emmanuel, Hussein, Yasser, Jin, Curtis, Boldissar, Frank, Chamberlain, Neil, Hernandez, Brenda, Maghsoudi, Elham, Mihaly, Jonathan, Worel, Shana, Singh, Vik, Pak, Kyung, Tanabe, Jordan, Johnson, Robert, Alemu, Tafesse, Burke, Michael, Custodero, Brian, Tope, Michael C., Hawkins, David, Aaron, Kim, Delory, Gregory T., Turin, Paul S., Kirchner, Donald L., Srinivasan, Karthik, Xie, Julie, Ortloff, Brad, Tan, Ian, Noh, Tim, Clark, Duane, Duong, Vu, Joshi, Shivani, Lee, Jeng, Merida, Elvis, Akbar, Ruzbeh, Duan, Xueyang, Fenni, Ines, Sanchez-Barbetty, Mauricio, Parashare, Chaitali, Howard, Duane C., Newman, Julie, Cruz, Marvin G., Barabas, Neil J., Amirahmadi, Ahmadreza, Palmer, Brendon, Gawande, Rohit S., Milroy, Grace, Roberti, Rick, Leader, Frank E., West, Richard D., Martin, Jan, Adumitroaie, Virgil, Rains, Christine, Quach, Cuong, Turner, Jordi E., Kempf, Scott D., Ng, Gregory, Buhl, Dillon P.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-08-2024 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Aerospace Technology and Astronautics Altimetry Astrophysics and Astroparticles Europa Exosphere Habitability Ice Ice cover Icy satellites Interferometry Measurement techniques Moon Oceans Outer solar system Physics Physics and Astronomy Planetology Quality assessment Radar Radar measurement Solar system Sounding Space Exploration and Astronautics Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics Water Europa Ice-penetrating radar Ice shell Europa Clipper
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Summary:	The Radar for Europa Assessment and Sounding: Ocean to Near-surface (REASON) is a dual-frequency ice-penetrating radar (9 and 60 MHz) onboard the Europa Clipper mission. REASON is designed to probe Europa from exosphere to subsurface ocean, contributing the third dimension to observations of this enigmatic world. The hypotheses REASON will test are that (1) the ice shell of Europa hosts liquid water, (2) the ice shell overlies an ocean and is subject to tidal flexing, and (3) the exosphere, near-surface, ice shell, and ocean participate in material exchange essential to the habitability of this moon. REASON will investigate processes governing this material exchange by characterizing the distribution of putative non-ice material (e.g., brines, salts) in the subsurface, searching for an ice–ocean interface, characterizing the ice shell’s global structure, and constraining the amplitude of Europa’s radial tidal deformations. REASON will accomplish these science objectives using a combination of radar measurement techniques including altimetry , reflectometry , sounding , interferometry , plasma characterization , and ranging . Building on a rich heritage from Earth, the moon, and Mars, REASON will be the first ice-penetrating radar to explore the outer solar system. Because these radars are untested for the icy worlds in the outer solar system, a novel approach to measurement quality assessment was developed to represent uncertainties in key properties of Europa that affect REASON performance and ensure robustness across a range of plausible parameters suggested for the icy moon. REASON will shed light on a never-before-seen dimension of Europa and – in concert with other instruments on Europa Clipper – help to investigate whether Europa is a habitable world.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	0038-6308 1572-9672
DOI:	10.1007/s11214-024-01072-3