Amphetamine-type stimulant use and HIV/STI risk behaviour among young female sex workers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Abstract Background Use of amphetamine-type substances (ATS) has been linked to increased risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) worldwide. In Cambodia, recent ATS use is independently associated with incident STI infection among young female sex workers (FSWs). Methods We condu...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The International journal of drug policy Vol. 22; no. 3; pp. 203 - 209
Main Authors:	Maher, L, Phlong, P, Mooney-Somers, J, Keo, S, Stein, E, Couture, M.C, Page, K
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-05-2011 Elsevier Science Ltd
Subjects:	Adolescent Adult Alternatives Amphetamine-Related Disorders - epidemiology Amphetamine-type substances Amphetamines Cambodia Cambodia - epidemiology Condoms Condoms - utilization Data analysis Data Collection Drug use Drugs Female HIV HIV Infections - epidemiology Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Internal Medicine Medical Education Men Methamphetamine Prospective Studies Prostitution Risk Risk behaviour Risk-Taking Sex industry Sex work Sex Work - statistics & numerical data Sex workers Sexual Behavior - statistics & numerical data Sexually transmitted diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial - epidemiology Sexually transmitted infections STD Sustainability Vulnerability Women Womens health Young Adult Cambodia Vulnerability HIV Sex work Risk behaviour Amphetamine-type substances Sexually transmitted infections
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	Abstract Background Use of amphetamine-type substances (ATS) has been linked to increased risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) worldwide. In Cambodia, recent ATS use is independently associated with incident STI infection among young female sex workers (FSWs). Methods We conducted 33 in-depth interviews with women (15–29 years old) engaged in sex work to explore ATS use and vulnerability to HIV/STI. Results Participants reported that ATS, primarily methamphetamine in pill and crystalline forms (yama), were cheap, widely available and commonly used. Yama was described as a “power drug” ( thnam kamlang ) which enabled women to work long hours and serve more customers. Use of ATS by clients was also common, with some providing drugs for women and/or encouraging their use, often resulting in prolonged sexual activity. Requests for unprotected sex were also more common among alternatives intoxicated clients and strategies typically employed to negotiate condom use were less effective. Conclusion ATS use was highly functional for young women engaged in sex work, facilitating a sense of power and agency and highlighting the occupational significance and normalization of ATS in this setting. This highly gendered dynamic supports the limited but emerging literature on women's use of ATS, which to date has been heavily focused on men. Results indicate an urgent need to increase awareness of the risks associated with ATS use, to provide women with sustainable alternatives for income generation, to better regulate the conditions of sex work, and to work with FSWs and their clients to develop and promote culturally appropriate harm reduction interventions.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0955-3959 1873-4758
DOI:	10.1016/j.drugpo.2011.01.003