Serum IgE and IgG responses to food antigens in normal and atopic dogs, and dogs with gastrointestinal disease

In human food allergy, with or without concurrent atopy, there may be significant increases in serum allergen-specific IgE. Serological methods have been tried but are not currently recommended for diagnosis of suspected food allergy in dogs. The aim of this study was to investigate humoral immune r...

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Published in:	Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Vol. 92; no. 3; pp. 113 - 124
Main Authors:	Foster, A.P, Knowles, T.G, Moore, A.Hotston, Cousins, P.D.G, Day, M.J, Hall, E.J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 12-05-2003
Subjects:	Animals Antigens - immunology Cluster Analysis Dermatitis, Atopic - immunology Dermatitis, Atopic - veterinary Dog Diseases - immunology Dogs ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary Food antigens Food Hypersensitivity - immunology Food Hypersensitivity - veterinary Gastrointestinal disease Gastrointestinal Diseases - immunology Gastrointestinal Diseases - veterinary IgE IgG Immunoglobulin E - blood Immunoglobulin E - immunology Immunoglobulin G - blood Immunoglobulin G - immunology Principal Component Analysis Skin disease GI Skin disease AD SIBO IgE HRP TMB IgG Food antigens CFU PBST ELISA Gastrointestinal disease
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Summary:	In human food allergy, with or without concurrent atopy, there may be significant increases in serum allergen-specific IgE. Serological methods have been tried but are not currently recommended for diagnosis of suspected food allergy in dogs. The aim of this study was to investigate humoral immune responses to food antigens in dogs. Serum IgG and IgE antibodies specific for food antigens were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using polyclonal anti-dog IgG and IgE reagents. Antigens tested were beef, chicken, pork, lamb, chicken, turkey, white fish, whole egg, wheat, soybean, barley, rice, maize corn, potato, yeast and cow’s milk. Three groups were examined: normal dogs, dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD); and dogs with one of four types of gastrointestinal (GI) disease: small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), food-responsive disease, and infectious diarrhoea. Statistically significant differences in food-specific antibodies were not detected between the GI subgroups. There were statistically significant differences in the IgE concentration between the normal dogs, and dogs with atopic or GI disease, for all of the antigens tested. There were statistically significant differences in the average IgG concentrations between the normal dogs, and dogs with atopic or GI disease, for all of the antigens tested, except egg and yeast. The relationship of antigen responses for pooled data was analysed using principle component analysis and cluster plots. Some clustering of variables was apparent for both IgE and IgG. For example, all dogs (normal and diseased) made a similar IgG antibody response to chicken and turkey. Compared with other groups, atopic dogs had more food allergen-specific IgE and this would be consistent with a Th 2 humoral response to food antigens. Dogs with GI disease had more food allergen-specific IgG compared with the other groups. This may reflect increased antigen exposure due to increased mucosal permeability which is a recognised feature of canine intestinal disease.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	0165-2427 1873-2534
DOI:	10.1016/S0165-2427(03)00033-3