Nutritional Status of Vegetarian Patients Before and After Bariatric Surgery: a Monocentric Retrospective Observational Case–Control Study

Nutritional Status of Vegetarian Patients Before and After Bariatric Surgery: a Monocentric Retrospective Observational Case–Control Study

The obesity pandemic is associated with an increasing number of bariatric surgeries which allow improvement in obesity-related comorbidities and life expectancy but potentially induce nutritional deficiencies. Vegetarianism becomes more and more popular and exposes as well to vitamin and micronutrie...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Obesity surgery Vol. 33; no. 5; pp. 1356 - 1365
Main Authors: Phan, Aurélie, Hage, Mirella, Zaharia, Ramona, Vigan, Marie, Coursault, Séverine, Wilson, Sandy, Gabali, Elodie, Foussier, Loic, Vychnevskaia, Karina, Raffin-Sanson, Marie-Laure, Bretault, Marion
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01-05-2023
Springer Nature B.V
Springer Verlag
Subjects:
Bariatric Surgery
Case-Control Studies
Gastrointestinal surgery
Humans
Life Sciences
Malnutrition
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nutritional Status
Obesity - surgery
Obesity, Morbid - surgery
Original Contributions
Retrospective Studies
Surgery
Vegetarianism
Vegetarians
Vitamin deficiency
Vitamins
Weight control
Sleeve Gastrectomy
Vitamin supplementation
Vitamin deficiencies
Bariatric surgery
Gastric bypass
Vegetarianism
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Summary:The obesity pandemic is associated with an increasing number of bariatric surgeries which allow improvement in obesity-related comorbidities and life expectancy but potentially induce nutritional deficiencies. Vegetarianism becomes more and more popular and exposes as well to vitamin and micronutrient deficiencies. Only one study has explored the impact of vegetarianism on the preoperative nutritional status of eligible patients for bariatric surgery, but none in postoperative care. Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective case–control study in our cohort of bariatric patients, matching 5 omnivores for each vegetarian. We compared their biological profile regarding vitamin and micronutrient blood levels before and 3, 6, 12, and 30 months after surgery. Results We included 7 vegetarians including 4 lacto-ovo-vegetarians (57%), 2 lacto-vegetarians (29%), and one lacto-ovo-pesco-vegetarian (14%). Three years after surgery with equivalent daily standard vitamin supplementation, the two groups showed a similar biological profile including blood levels of ferritin ( p  = 0.6), vitamin B1 ( p  = 0.1), and B12 ( p  = 0.7), while the total median weight loss at 3 years was comparable (39.1% [27.0–46.6] in vegetarians vs 35.7% [10.5–46.5] in omnivores, p  = 0.8). We observed no significant difference between vegetarians and omnivores before surgery regarding comorbidities and nutritional status. Conclusion It seems that, after bariatric surgery, vegetarian patients taking a standard vitamin supplementation do not show an increased risk of nutritional deficiencies compared to omnivores. However, a larger study with a longer follow-up is needed to confirm these data, including an evaluation of different types of vegetarianism such as veganism. Graphical Abstract
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ISSN:0960-8923
1708-0428
DOI:10.1007/s11695-023-06538-x