Evaluation of the difference in caries experience in diabetic and non-diabetic children-A case control study

To evaluate the caries prevalence and related variables in Type 1 diabetic and non-diabetic children and among the diabetic children according to their metabolic status. Sixty-eight diabetic and 136 non-diabetic children, matching by gender and age (4-14 years) were enrolled. The diabetic children w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	PloS one Vol. 12; no. 11; p. e0188451
Main Authors:	Lai, Stefano, Cagetti, Maria Grazia, Cocco, Fabio, Cossellu, Dina, Meloni, Gianfranco, Campus, Guglielmo, Lingström, Peter
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 30-11-2017 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	adolescents Analysis Biology and Life Sciences Child health classification dental-caries Dentistry Diabetics glycemic control Health aspects Medicine and Health Sciences mellitus metabolic-control Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) Odontologi oral-health plaque-ph questionnaire Risk factors Science & Technology - Other Topics Type 1 diabetes type-1
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Summary:	To evaluate the caries prevalence and related variables in Type 1 diabetic and non-diabetic children and among the diabetic children according to their metabolic status. Sixty-eight diabetic and 136 non-diabetic children, matching by gender and age (4-14 years) were enrolled. The diabetic children were divided: a) 20 children in good metabolic control (Hb1ac≤7.5) and b) 48 children in bad metabolic control (Hb1ac>7.5). Dietary and oral hygiene habits were investigated. Caries status was registered using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Oral microflora was analysed using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridisation method. Plaque acidogenicity was recorded after a sucrose rinse. Sugared beverage and snack intake was higher in diabetic group compared to non-diabetic group (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively) and in subjects in bad metabolic control (p = 0.03 and p<0.01, respectively). Oral hygiene habits were similar, except for the use of fluoridated adjuvants, higher in non-diabetic children (p = 0.04). No statistically significant differences were observed regarding caries figures, but a higher number of caries free subjects was found in diabetic subjects in good metabolic control (p<0.01). Significant difference for the main cariogenic bacteria was found between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects (p<0.05). The pH values showed statistically significant differences between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects and between diabetic subjects in good and bad metabolic control (p<0.01). Diabetic children in good metabolic control might even be considered at low caries risk, while those in bad metabolic control showed an oral environment prone to a high caries risk.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0188451