Alpha-Synuclein Toxicity on Protein Quality Control, Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the presence of insoluble protein clusters containing α-synuclein. Impairment of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, autophagy and intracellular trafficking proper function has been suggested to be caused by α-synuclein toxicity, which is also associated...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Neurochemical research Vol. 43; no. 12; pp. 2212 - 2223
Main Authors:	Melo, Thaiany Quevedo, Copray, Sjef J. C. V. M., Ferrari, Merari F. R.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 01-12-2018 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	alpha-Synuclein - genetics alpha-Synuclein - metabolism alpha-Synuclein - toxicity Amino Acid Sequence Animals Autophagy Autophagy - drug effects Autophagy - physiology Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Brain Cell Biology Disease control Dopamine receptors Endoplasmic reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum - drug effects Endoplasmic Reticulum - genetics Endoplasmic Reticulum - metabolism Humans Mitochondria Mitochondria - drug effects Mitochondria - genetics Mitochondria - metabolism Movement disorders Neurochemistry Neurodegeneration Neurodegenerative diseases Neurology Neurosciences Oligomerization Organelles Oxidative stress Oxidative Stress - drug effects Oxidative Stress - physiology Parkinson Disease - genetics Parkinson Disease - metabolism Parkinson's disease Pathogenesis Phagocytosis Protein Transport - physiology Proteins Quality control Reactive oxygen species Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Review Paper Synuclein Toxicity Aging Oxidative stress Parkinson’s disease
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Summary:	Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the presence of insoluble protein clusters containing α-synuclein. Impairment of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, autophagy and intracellular trafficking proper function has been suggested to be caused by α-synuclein toxicity, which is also associated with the higher levels of ROS found in the aged brain and in PD. Oxidative stress leads to protein oligomerization and aggregation that impair autophagy and mitochondrial dynamics leading to a vicious cycle of organelles damage and neurodegeneration. In this review we focused on the role of α-synuclein dysfunction as a cellular stressor that impairs mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, autophagy and cellular dynamics culminating with dopaminergic depletion and the pathogenesis of PD.
ISSN:	0364-3190 1573-6903
DOI:	10.1007/s11064-018-2673-x