Pervasive associations between Cybaeus spiders and the bacterial symbiont Cardinium

Cardinium is a recently discovered maternally transmitted bacterial endosymbiont in the Bacteroidetes that has thus far been documented in five arthropod orders. While its effects on his hosts are largely unknown, a few strains have been shown to manipulate host reproduction in parasitic wasps and i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of invertebrate pathology Vol. 103; no. 3; pp. 150 - 155
Main Authors:	Perlman, Steve J., Magnus, Samantha A., Copley, Claudia R.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam Elsevier Inc 01-03-2010 Elsevier
Subjects:	Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Arachnid Araneae Autoecology bacteria Bacteroidetes - genetics Bacteroidetes - pathogenicity Biological and medical sciences Cardinium Cybaeidae Cytoplasmic incompatibility DNA, Bacterial - genetics DNA, Ribosomal - genetics Endosymbionts Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Transfer, Horizontal genes Haplotypes infection Male Phylogeny prevalence Protozoa. Invertebrata Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ribosomal DNA sequence analysis Spiders - genetics Spiders - microbiology Symbiosis Symbiosis - genetics Wolbachia Symbiosis Arachnid Wolbachia Cardinium Cybaeidae Cytoplasmic incompatibility Incompatibility Wolbachieae Animal microorganism relation Araneida Symbiont Rickettsiales Arachnida Arthropoda Bacteria Predator Invertebrata Cytoplasm
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Summary:	Cardinium is a recently discovered maternally transmitted bacterial endosymbiont in the Bacteroidetes that has thus far been documented in five arthropod orders. While its effects on his hosts are largely unknown, a few strains have been shown to manipulate host reproduction in parasitic wasps and in mites, either by transforming males into females, or by causing mating incompatibilities between infected males and uninfected males. Cardinium has recently been reported to be widespread in spiders, and in this study, we document pervasive infections in Cybaeus spiders, which are some of the most abundant yet understudied spiders in the understory of moist Western North American forests. 12/20 species, as well as 96% of individuals in a local population of Cybaeus signifer were infected. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three closely related symbiont haplotypes within Cybaeus. Haplotypes clustered within geographically close species, suggesting that horizontal transmission might be quite high in this symbiont lineage.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2009.12.009 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0022-2011 1096-0805
DOI:	10.1016/j.jip.2009.12.009