Impact of universal infant hepatitis B vaccination in the US-affiliated Pacific Islands, 1985–2015

Impact of universal infant hepatitis B vaccination in the US-affiliated Pacific Islands, 1985–2015

Abstract The US-affiliated Pacific Island countries (USAPI) is an endemic region for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Universal infant hepatitis B vaccination was introduced in the USAPI in the mid-1980s to mitigate the HBV burden. We assessed the impact of universal infant vaccination on the HBV...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccine Vol. 35; no. 7; pp. 997 - 1000
Main Authors: Abara, W.E, Collier, M.G, Teshale, E.H
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 15-02-2017
Elsevier Limited
Subjects:
Allergy and Immunology
Babies
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Data collection
Disease control
Endemic Diseases - prevention & control
Female
HBsAg
HBV
Hepatitis
Hepatitis B vaccination
Hepatitis B Vaccines - administration & dosage
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B virus - drug effects
Hepatitis B virus - immunology
Hepatitis B virus infection
Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology
Hepatitis B, Chronic - immunology
Hepatitis B, Chronic - prevention & control
Hepatitis B, Chronic - virology
Households
Humans
Infants
Infections
Male
Mass Vaccination
Pacific Islands
Pacific Islands - epidemiology
Prevalence
Review boards
Vaccination Coverage - statistics & numerical data
Vaccines
Variance analysis
Guam
American Samoa
Northern Mariana Islands
Marshall Islands
United States > US
I, Central Pacific, Pacific Ocean Is
Hepatitis B vaccination
HBsAg
Children
HBV
Pacific Islands
Hepatitis B virus infection
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Summary:Abstract The US-affiliated Pacific Island countries (USAPI) is an endemic region for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Universal infant hepatitis B vaccination was introduced in the USAPI in the mid-1980s to mitigate the HBV burden. We assessed the impact of universal infant vaccination on the HBV infection prevalence over time among children born in the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s in the USAPI. Demographic and serologic data from serial sero-surveys conducted between 1985 and 2015 were obtained. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were performed. From data obtained from 4827 children (2–11 years), HBV prevalence decreased markedly: 8.4% in the 1980s; 2.5% in the 1990s; and 0.2% in the 2000s (P < 0.0001) as vaccination coverage increased: 76.4% in the 1980s; 87.3% in the 1990s; and 97.5% in the 2000s (P < 0.0001). These findings underscore the protective effect of universal infant hepatitis B vaccination over time on the HBV burden in an HBV endemic region.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:0264-410X
1873-2518
DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.01.020