The common parasite Toxoplasma gondii induces prostatic inflammation and microglandular hyperplasia in a mouse model

The common parasite Toxoplasma gondii induces prostatic inflammation and microglandular hyperplasia in a mouse model

Background Inflammation is the most prevalent and widespread histological finding in the human prostate, and associates with the development and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Several factors have been hypothesized to cause inflammation, yet the role each may play i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Prostate Vol. 77; no. 10; pp. 1066 - 1075
Main Authors: Colinot, Darrelle L., Garbuz, Tamila, Bosland, Maarten C., Wang, Liang, Rice, Susan E., Sullivan, William J., Arrizabalaga, Gustavo, Jerde, Travis J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-07-2017
Subjects:
Animals
Benign
Bromodeoxyuridine
Cell proliferation
Chronic infection
Cysts
Disease Models, Animal
Etiology
Flow cytometry
Hyperplasia
Inflammation
Leukocytes
Male
Mice
Monocytes
parasite
Parasites
Prostate
Prostate - microbiology
Prostate - pathology
Prostate cancer
Prostatic Hyperplasia - etiology
Prostatic Hyperplasia - microbiology
Prostatic Hyperplasia - pathology
Prostatitis - etiology
Prostatitis - microbiology
Prostatitis - pathology
Protozoa
Rodents
Toxoplasma - isolation & purification
Toxoplasma - pathogenicity
Toxoplasma gondii
hyperplasia
parasite
prostate
Toxoplasma gondii
inflammation
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Summary:Background Inflammation is the most prevalent and widespread histological finding in the human prostate, and associates with the development and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Several factors have been hypothesized to cause inflammation, yet the role each may play in the etiology of prostatic inflammation remains unclear. This study examined the possibility that the common protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii induces prostatic inflammation and reactive hyperplasia in a mouse model. Methods Male mice were infected systemically with T. gondii parasites and prostatic inflammation was scored based on severity and focality of infiltrating leukocytes and epithelial hyperplasia. We characterized inflammatory cells with flow cytometry and the resulting epithelial proliferation with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. Results We found that T. gondii infects the mouse prostate within the first 14 days of infection and can establish parasite cysts that persist for at least 60 days. T. gondii infection induces a substantial and chronic inflammatory reaction in the mouse prostate characterized by monocytic and lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate. T. gondii‐induced inflammation results in reactive hyperplasia, involving basal and luminal epithelial proliferation, and the exhibition of proliferative inflammatory microglandular hyperplasia in inflamed mouse prostates. Conclusions This study identifies the common parasite T. gondii as a new trigger of prostatic inflammation, which we used to develop a novel mouse model of prostatic inflammation. This is the first report that T. gondii chronically encysts and induces chronic inflammation within the prostate of any species. Furthermore, T. gondii‐induced prostatic inflammation persists and progresses without genetic manipulation in mice, offering a powerful new mouse model for the study of chronic prostatic inflammation and microglandular hyperplasia.
Bibliography:Gustavo Arrizabalaga and Travis J. Jerde contributed equally to this study.
Travis J. Jerde http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1160-4665
ISSN:0270-4137
1097-0045
DOI:10.1002/pros.23362