Additional booster doses in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia induce humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 similar to natural infection regardless ongoing treatments: A study by ERIC, the European Research Initiative on CLL

Profound immune dysregulation and impaired response to the SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine put patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) at risk of severe COVID‐19. We compared humoral memory and T‐cell responses after booster dose vaccination or breakthrough infection. (Green) Quantitative determination...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	American journal of hematology Vol. 99; no. 4; pp. 745 - 750
Main Authors:	Campanella, A., Capasso, A., Heltai, S., Taccetti, C., Albi, E., Herishanu, Y., Haggenburg, S., Chatzikonstantinou, T., Doubek, M., Kättström, M., Giannopoulos, K., Simkovic, M., Moreno, C., Massaia, M., Bumbea, H., Alshemmari, S., Ranghetti, P., Perotta, E., Martini, F., Sant'Antonio, E., Colia, M., Combi, C., Levi, S., Kater, A. P., Hazenberg, M., Nijhof, I. S., Hofsink, Q., Demosthenous, C., Kotaskova, J., Zaleska, J., Vrbacky, F., Raya, A. Mora, Bisogno, D., Tripoli, I. E., Popov, V. M., Roman, V., Stavroyianni, N., Karypidou, M., Scarano, E., Locatelli, M., Frenquelli, M., Scarfò, L., Stamatopoulos, K., Ghia, P.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-04-2024 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:	Antibodies Antibodies, Viral CD20 antigen Cell activation Chronic lymphocytic leukemia COVID-19 COVID-19 Vaccines Humans Humoral immunity Immune response (cell-mediated) Immune response (humoral) Immunity Immunity, Cellular Immunological memory Infections Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit Leukemia Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell - drug therapy Patients Remission SARS-CoV-2 Seroconversion Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Vaccination
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Summary:	Profound immune dysregulation and impaired response to the SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine put patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) at risk of severe COVID‐19. We compared humoral memory and T‐cell responses after booster dose vaccination or breakthrough infection. (Green) Quantitative determination of anti‐Spike specific antibodies. Booster doses increased seroconversion rate and antibody titers in all patient categories, ultimately generating humoral responses similar to those observed in the postinfection cohort. In detail, humoral response with overscale median antibody titers arose in >80% of patients in watch and wait, off‐therapy in remission, or under treatment with venetoclax single‐agent. Anti‐CD20 antibodies and active treatment with BTK inhibitors (BTKi) represent limiting factors of humoral response, still memory mounted in ~40% of cases following booster doses or infection. (Blue) Evaluation of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific T‐cell responses. Number of T‐cell functional activation markers documented in each patient. The vast majority of patients, including those seronegative, developed T‐cell responses, qualitatively similar between treatment groups or between vaccination alone and infection cases. These data highlight the efficacy of booster doses in eliciting T‐cell immunity independently of treatment status and support the use of additional vaccination boosters to stimulate humoral immunity in patients on active CLL‐directed treatments.
Bibliography:	A. Campanella and A. Capasso contributed equally as first authors. K. Stamatopoulos and P. Ghia contributed equally as last authors. ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Correspondence-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0361-8609 1096-8652 1096-8652
DOI:	10.1002/ajh.27218