Low‐palmitic, low‐linolenic soybean development

Plant breeding research efforts are currently focused on developing breeding procedures to decrease the saturated FA palmitic acid (16∶0) and the PUFA linolenic acid (18∶3) in U.S. soybean cultivars. Soybean oil with lower 16∶0 may provide cardiovascular benefits to health‐conscious consumers, and l...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society Vol. 80; no. 6; pp. 539 - 543
Main Authors:	Cherrak, C. M., Pantalone, V. R., Meyer, E. J., Ellis, D. L., Melton, S. L., West, D. R., Mount, J. R.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01-06-2003 Springer
Subjects:	Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Biological and medical sciences Fatty acid food processing Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetics and breeding of economic plants heritability hydrogenation linolenic palmitic polyunsaturated fat saturated fat soybean trans fat Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims Yield, quality, earliness, varia United States North America America linolenic Oilseed Lipids Vegetable oil Soybean palmitic Palmitic acid hydrogenation heritability Dicotyledones Quality Fatty acid Angiospermae Chemical composition Soybean oil food processing Polyunsaturated fatty acid polyunsaturated fat saturated fat Edible oil Glycine max Grain legume Linolenic acid Leguminosae Saturated fatty acid Genetic improvement Spermatophyta Cultivar trans fat
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Summary:	Plant breeding research efforts are currently focused on developing breeding procedures to decrease the saturated FA palmitic acid (16∶0) and the PUFA linolenic acid (18∶3) in U.S. soybean cultivars. Soybean oil with lower 16∶0 may provide cardiovascular benefits to health‐conscious consumers, and lower 18∶3 could contribute to better flavor and stability of the oil. The purpose of this study was to determine genetic parameters that indicate the potential for breeding success and to characterize the correlated effect of the incorporation of the modified oil traits on the agronomic and seed quality traits of a soybean breeding population formed from a cross between the soybean cultivar Anand (normal) and germplasm N97‐3708‐13 (low 16∶0, low 18∶3). Although lines with only one modified oil quality trait (low 16∶0 or 18∶3) are useful as parents, commercial utilization requires productive cultivars with the combination of both oil traits. This paper shows the ease with which they may be combined with seed yield and other traits. Measurements were obtained from 179 F2 single plants grown in 1999 and 121 F2∶4 lines grown in replicated plots in 2000. Modified FA lines were developed with ca. 4% 16∶0 and 18∶3, respectively. Very weak positive correlations were found between 16∶0 concentration and seed yield (r=0.12) and between 16∶0 and seed oil concentration (r=0.13). No correlation was found between 18∶3 levels and seed yield, or between 18∶3 levels and seed oil concentration. These results indicate that breeding for reduced 16∶0 and 18∶3 should not have a negative impact on seed yield or oil concentration. 16∶0 and 18∶3 had moderately high heritabilities of 0.65 and 0.73, respectively. This indicates that breeders using low 16∶0, low 18∶3 germplasm in crosses with normal, elite lines can expect to recover low 16∶0 and low 18∶3 in pure line progenies via selection and generation advancement of F2 individuals that express low levels of these FA.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0003-021X 1558-9331
DOI:	10.1007/s11746-003-0734-9