An Unguided, Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention (TreadWill) in a Lower Middle-Income Country: Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial

An Unguided, Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention (TreadWill) in a Lower Middle-Income Country: Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial

Globally, most individuals who are susceptible to depression do not receive adequate or timely treatment. Unguided computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) has the potential to bridge this treatment gap. However, the real-world effectiveness of unguided cCBT interventions, particularly in lo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of medical Internet research Vol. 25; no. 1; p. e41005
Main Authors: Ghosh, Arka, Cherian, Rithwik J, Wagle, Surbhit, Sharma, Parth, Kannan, Karthikeyan R, Bajpai, Alok, Gupta, Nitin
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Canada Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor 26-04-2023
JMIR Publications
Subjects:
Anxiety - therapy
Anxiety Disorders - therapy
Automation
Behavior modification
Clinical trials
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Cognitive-behavioral factors
Computerization
High income
Humans
Industrialized nations
Informed consent
Intervention
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Mental health
Meta-analysis
Original Paper
Questionnaires
Suicidal behavior
Text messaging
Therapy, Computer-Assisted
Waiting Lists
computerized cognitive behavioral therapy
depression
cCBT
mobile phone
digital intervention
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Summary:Globally, most individuals who are susceptible to depression do not receive adequate or timely treatment. Unguided computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) has the potential to bridge this treatment gap. However, the real-world effectiveness of unguided cCBT interventions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), remains inconclusive. In this study, we aimed to report the design and development of a new unguided cCBT-based multicomponent intervention, TreadWill, and its pragmatic evaluation. TreadWill was designed to be fully automated, engaging, easy to use, and accessible to LMICs. To evaluate the effectiveness of TreadWill and the engagement level, we performed a double-blind, fully remote, and randomized controlled trial with 598 participants in India and analyzed the data using a completer's analysis. The users who completed at least half of the modules in TreadWill showed significant reduction in depression-related (P=.04) and anxiety-related (P=.02) symptoms compared with the waitlist control. Compared with a plain-text version with the same therapeutic content, the full-featured version of TreadWill showed significantly higher engagement (P=.01). Our study provides a new resource and evidence for the use of unguided cCBT as a scalable intervention in LMICs. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03445598; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03445598.
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ISSN:1438-8871
1439-4456
1438-8871
DOI:10.2196/41005