A multiscale study of fungal endophyte communities of the foliar endosphere of native rubber trees in Eastern Amazon

Hevea brasiliensis is a native hyperdiverse tree species in the Amazon basin with great economic importance since it produces the highest quality natural rubber. H . brasiliensis , in its natural habitat, may harbor fungal endophytes that help defend against phytopathogenic fungi. In this work, we i...

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Published in:	Scientific reports Vol. 8; no. 1; pp. 16151 - 11
Main Authors:	Vaz, Aline B. M., Fonseca, Paula L. C., Badotti, Fernanda, Skaltsas, Demetra, Tomé, Luiz M. R., Silva, Allefi C., Cunha, Mayara C., Soares, Marco A., Santos, Vera L., Oliveira, Guilherme, Chaverri, Priscilla, Góes-Neto, Aristóteles
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 01-11-2018 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:	45/22 45/23 45/77 631/326/171 704/172 Deoxyribonucleic acid Disease DNA DNA sequencing Ecological function Economic importance Endophytes Hevea brasiliensis Humanities and Social Sciences Hypotheses Indigenous species multidisciplinary National forests National parks Pathogens Phylogeny Phytopathogenic fungi Plant species Rubber Rubber trees Science Science (multidisciplinary) Taxa Trees Clonostachys Fungal Endophytes Putative Species Native Hevea Individual Host Trees
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Summary:	Hevea brasiliensis is a native hyperdiverse tree species in the Amazon basin with great economic importance since it produces the highest quality natural rubber. H . brasiliensis , in its natural habitat, may harbor fungal endophytes that help defend against phytopathogenic fungi. In this work, we investigated the fungal endophytic communities in two pristine areas in Eastern Amazon (Anavilhanas National Park – ANP and Caxiuanã National Forest – CNF) at different spatial scales: regional, local, individual (tree), and intra-individual (leaflet). Using a culture-based approach, 210 fungal endophytes were isolated from 240 sampling units and assigned to 46 distinct MOTUs based on sequencing of the nrITS DNA. The community compositions of the endophytomes are different at both regional and local scales, dominated by very few taxa and highly skewed toward rare taxa, with many endophytes infrequently isolated across hosts in sampled space. Colletotrichum sp. 1, a probably latent pathogen, was the most abundant endophytic putative species and was obtained from all individual host trees in both study areas. Although the second most abundant putative species differed between the two collection sites, Clonostachys sp. 1 and Trichoderma sp. 1, they are phylogenetically related (Hypocreales) mycoparasites. Thus, they probably exhibit the same ecological function in the foliar endosphere of rubber tree as antagonists of its fungal pathogens.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2045-2322 2045-2322
DOI:	10.1038/s41598-018-34619-w