Astroblastoma - a rare and challenging tumor: a case report and review of the literature

Astroblastoma is a controversial and an extremely rare central nervous system neoplasm. Although its histogenesis has been clarified recently, controversies exist regarding its cellular origin and validity as a distinct entity. Because of its extreme rarity and because its common features are shared...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of medical case reports Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 102
Main Authors:	Hammas, Nawal, Senhaji, Nadia, Alaoui Lamrani, My Youssef, Bennis, Sanae, Chaoui, Elfaiz Mohamed, El Fatemi, Hind, Chbani, Laila
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 21-04-2018 BioMed Central BMC
Subjects:	Astroblastoma Brain neoplasm Care and treatment Case Report Case studies Diagnosis Differential diagnosis Histogenesis Immunohistochemistry Nervous system cancer Immunohistochemistry Astroblastoma Differential diagnosis Histogenesis Brain neoplasm
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Summary:	Astroblastoma is a controversial and an extremely rare central nervous system neoplasm. Although its histogenesis has been clarified recently, controversies exist regarding its cellular origin and validity as a distinct entity. Because of its extreme rarity and because its common features are shared with other glial neoplasms, this tumor is prone to misdiagnosis and remains challenging not only in terms of diagnosis and classification but also in the subsequent management. This case report describes a new case of astroblastoma. It discusses clinical, radiologic, pathological, and therapeutic features and differential diagnosis of this rare neoplasm, with a review of the recent literature. We report the case of an 8-year-old Moroccan girl who presented with a 1-year history of epileptic seizure, headache, and decreased visual acuity. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right occipito-temporal mass. A tumor resection was performed and histological examination combined with immunohistochemical study confirmed the diagnosis of low-grade astroblastoma. Astroblastoma is a very rare primary brain tumor. Its diagnosis is often challenging because of the astroblastic aspects that can be found in astrocytic tumors, in ependymomas, and in non-neuroepithelial tumors. Considerable confusion surrounds its histogenesis and classification. The low incidence rate makes it difficult to conduct studies to examine tumor characteristics.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Case Study-3 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 ObjectType-Feature-5 ObjectType-Report-2 ObjectType-Article-4
ISSN:	1752-1947 1752-1947
DOI:	10.1186/s13256-018-1623-1